The Special Position of the Great Works of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam in Malay Literary History
(Kedudukan Istimewa Karya Agung Adab Ketatanegaraan Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam dalam Sejarah Persuratan Melayu)
Abstract
The glorious days of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam during the 17th century gave rise to a form of writing that specifically provided advice and guidance on governance to the king and officials, or Mirrors for Rulers, namely Taj al-Salatin (1604) and Bustan al-Salatin (1638). Copies of which were composed during the reign of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah (1589-1604), Sultan Iskandar Muda Mahkota Alam (1606-1636) and Sultan Iskandar Thani (1636-1641) characterized the greatness of the civilization and political power possessed by the Sultanate of Aceh then. However, the position of Taj al-Salatin as the earliest Mirrors for Rulers in Aceh can now be challenged by the discovery of two Nasihat al-Muluk manuscripts, written by Imam al-Ghazali and Sheikh Hussain Wa'iz al-Kashifi, bringing the total to four works in the Malay literary history. All four copies of the Jawi manuscripts hold their own unique traits.
Keywords: Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam, Mirrors for Rulers, Taj al-Salatin, Bustan al-Salatin and Nasihat al-Muluk, Malay literary history, Jawi manuscripts
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