The Dissemination of Pattani Dialect in Perak: A Geolinguistics Analysis
(Penyebaran Dialek Patani di Perak: Analisis Geolinguistik)
Abstract
This paper aims to examine the Pattani dialect in Perak. The impact of the migration of a large number of people from Pattani province due to ongoing war brought with it a subdialect in Perak known as the Pattani dialect. Field research on 22 villages carried out in Larut Matang Selama, Kuala Kangsar and Hulu Perak, involving 156 respondents proved the existence of this dialect. This study employed the Geographical Information System (GIS) that relates geography and linguistics, or geolinguistics. The distribution of this dialect is linked to factors such as area and topography. Earlier on, the Pattani people settled near by the mountains for security, while nowadays they have become more open and have moved to the lowlands around Lenggong, where they interact with the locals. This encounter has formed new lexical items such as [muh̃a] for "you all", and [banta] for "pillow", as well as loanwords such as [p h] from "opah" (grandmother). Interestingly, we found loanwords from the Perak dialect being used quite extensively in the Pattani dialect.
Keywords: Pattani, GIS, dialect, area, geolinguistics, distribution
References
Abdul Hamid Mahmood, 1994. Sintaksis Dialek Kelantan. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Asmah Haji Omar, 1985. Susur Galur Bahasa Melayu. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Asmah Haji Omar, 1993. Nahu Melayu Mutakhir. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Collins. J.T., 1983. Dialek Ulu Terengganu. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Collins. J.T., 1999. "Negeri dan Bahasa: Sempadan Politik, Sempadan Linguistik" dlm. Di Sekitar Konsep Negeri. Kuala lumpur: Perpustakaan Negeri Malaysia.
Ismail Dahaman, 2003. Glosari Dialek Kedah : Kosa Kata Dialek. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Ibrahim Syukri. 2002. Sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Patani. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin, Zaharani Ahmad dan Norli Safina Sanit, 2014. "Geolinguistics and Geospatial in Malay Dialect Study in the Riverfront Perak". Kertas kerja dibentangkan di International Seminar Malay Indonesia Linguistics pada 6 dan 7 Jun. Napoli, Italy.
Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin, Zaharani Ahmad, Harishon Radzi, Mustaffa Omar dan Mokhtar Jaafar. 2013. "Lexical Variation and Distribution in Perak Malay: A GIS Approach". Kertas kerja dibentangkan di South East Asia Linguistics Society pada 25 dan 27 Jun. Chulallongkorn University, Bangkok.
Raja Mukhtaruddin, 1986. Dialek Perak. Ipoh: Yayasan Perak.
Ruslan Uthai, 2011. Keistimewaan Dialek Melayu Patani. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia.
Teeuw, A. dan Wyatt, D.K., 1970. Hikayat Patani and the Story of Patani. The Hague: Koninklijk Institut.
Yusmaniza Yusoff, 2014. Penyebaran Dialek Melayu di Perak: Pemetaan Menggunakan Aplikasi GIS. Tesis Sarjana Program Linguistik. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
