Use-Wear Experiment: Identifying the Functions of Palaeolithic People's Flake Tools in Tingkayu, Sabah
(Eksperimen Kesan Guna: Identifikasi Fungsi Alat Repeh Masyarakat Awal Paleolitik Tingkayu, Sabah)
Abstract
Archaeological artefacts are a tangible heritage and a part of material culture. Artefacts from the palaeolithic age that are usually found are stone artefacts. These stone artefacts comprise tools, stone tools and work residue. One focus of material culture studies concerning stone artefacts is to determine their function. Determining the functions of stone tools can be achieved through experiments. The results of these experiments will be compared with stone tool artefacts. Attributes resulting from the experiment can be indicators to determine the real functions of stone tool artefacts. The results of the analysis reveal that the flake tools from Tingkayu were used in activities such as sawing, scraping and drilling. This analysis contributes to knowledge concerning the functions of use of tools in Palaeolithic societies, and strengthens as well as adds data on the use-wear of flake tools in Malaysia and Southeast Asia.
Keywords: Experiment, Palaeolithic, function, use-wear, flake tools, Tingkayu
References
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Barker, G.W.W., Barton, H., Bird, M., Daly, P., Datan, I., Dykes, A., Farr, L., Gilbertson, D., Harrisson, B., Hunt, C., Higham, T., Kealhofer, L., Krigbaum, J., Lewis, H., McLaren, S., Paz, V., Pike, A., Piper, P., Pyatt, B., Rabett, R., Reynolds, T., Rose, J., Rushworth, G., Stephens, M., Stringer, C., Thompson, J. dan Turney, C. (2007). The human revolution in lowland tropical Southeast Asia: The antiquity and behaviour of anatomically modern humans at Niah Cave (Sarawak, Borneo). Journal of Human Evolution, 52 (3), 243-261
Bellwood, P. (1988). Archeological research in South-Eastern Sabah. Sabah Museum Monograph, 2282.
Bird, C., Minichillo, T., dan Marean, C. W. (2007). Edge damage distribution at the assemblage level on Middle Stone Age lithics: An image-based GIS approach. Journal of Archaeological Science, 34(5), 771-780.
Bleed, P. (2001). Trees or chains, links or branches: conceptual alternatives for consideration of stone tool production and other sequential activities. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 8(1), 101-127.
Borel, A., Gaillard, C., Moncel, M. H., Sala, R., Pouydebat, E., Simanjuntak, T., dan Sémah, F. (2013). How to interpret informal flakes assemblages? Integrating morphological description, usewear and morphometric analysis gave better understanding of the behaviors of anatomically modern human from Song Terus (Indonesia). Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 32(4), 630-646.
Borel, A., Ollé, A., Vergés, J. M., & Sala, R. (2014). Scanning electron and optical light microscopy: Two complementary approaches for the understanding and interpretation of usewear and residues on stone tools. Journal of Archaeological Science, 48, 46-59.
Domínguez-Rodrigo, M., Pickering, T. R., Semaw, S., dan Rogers, M. J. (2005). Cutmarked bones from Pliocene archaeological sites at Gona, Afar, Ethiopia: implications for the function of the world's oldest stone tools. Journal of Human Evolution, 48(2), 109-121.
Evans, A. A., dan Donahue, R. E. (2005). The elemental chemistry of lithic microwear: An experiment. Journal of Archaeological Science, 32(12), 1733-1740.
Fullagar, R., Liu, L., Bestel, S., Jones, D., Ge, W., Wilson, A., dan Zhai, S. (2012). Stone tool-use experiments to determine the function of grinding stones and denticulate sickles. Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 32 (2012), 29-44
Gramfort, A., Poupon, C., dan Descoteaux, M. (2014), Denoising and fast diffusion imaging with physically constrained sparse dictionary learning. Medical Image Analysis, 18(1), 36-39
Higham, C. (2013). Hunter-gatherers in Southeast Asia: From prehistory to the present. Human Biology, 85(1), 21-43.
Jaffrie Ignatius (2000). Pulau Balambangan dan sumbangannya kepada Zaman Paleolitik di Asia Tenggara. Tesis Sarjana. Universiti Sains Malaysia: Pulau Pinang. (tidak diterbitkan).
Lerner, H. (2007). Digital image analysis and usewear accrual as a function of raw material: An example from Northwestern New Mexico. Lithic Technology 32 (1), 5167.
Lerner, H. (2009). Lithic raw material variability and usewear accrual on shortterm use implements: An example from Northwestern New Mexico. Sternke, F., Costa, L. J., dan Eigeland, L., (eds.). Nonflint Raw Material Use in Prehistory: Old Prejudices and New Directions, Proceedings of the 15th Congress of the U.I.S.P.P. Archaeopress, Oxford.
Liu, L., Field, J., Fullagar, R., Zhao, C., Chen, X., dan Yu, J. (2010). A functional analysis of grinding stones from an early Holocene site at Donghulin, North China. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37(10), 2630-2639.
Mijares, A. S. (2005). The archaeology of Peñablanca cave sites, Northern Luzon, Philippines. Journal of Austronesian Studies, 1, 65-93.
Mijares, A. dan Salvador B. (2000). An expedient lithic technology in Northern Luzon (Philippines). Lithic Technology 26(2), 138-152.
Mokhtar Saidin. (2014). Urutan Kronologi Prasejarah Sabah. Mokhtar Saidin dan Jeffrey Abdullah (eds.). Sumbangan Sabah kepada Arkeologi Asia Tenggara: Hasil penyelidikan 20 Tahun (1993-2013). Monograf Muzium Sabah Volume 12, Sabah: Jabtan Muzium Sabah.
Mokhtar Saidin. (1998). Kebudayaan paleolitik di Malaysia - sumbangan tapak Lawin, Perak dan Tingkayu, Sabah. Tesis Doktor Falsafah, Universiti Sains Malaysia (tidak diterbitkan).
Moore, M. W. (2013). Simple stone flaking in Australasia: Patterns and implications. Quaternary International, 285, 140-149.
Moreaud, M., Revel, R., Jeulin, D., dan Morard, V. (2009), Size of boehmite nanoparticles by TEM images analysis. Image Analysis and Stereology, 28, 187-193.
Sahnouni, M., Rosell, J., van der Made, J., Vergès, J.M., Ollé, A., Kandi, N., Harichane, Z., Derradji, A. and Medig, M., (2013). The first evidence of cut marks and usewear traces from the Plio-Pleistocene locality of El-Kherba (Ain Hanech), Algeria: implications for early hominin subsistence activities circa 1.8 Ma. Journal of human evolution, 64(2), 137-150.
Sano, K. (2012). Functional variability in the Magdalenian of north-western Europe: a lithic microwear analysis of the Gönnersdorf K-II assemblage. Quaternary international, 272, 264-274.
Shott, M., J. dan Sillitoe, P. (2005). Use Life and Curation in New Guinea Experimental Used Flakes. Journal of Archaeological Science 32. 653-663.
White, J. C. (2011). Emergence of cultural diversity in mainland Southeast Asia: a view from prehistory. Dynamics of human diversity. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Xhauflair, H., dan Pawlik, A. (2010). Usewear and residue analysis: contribution to the study of the lithic industry from Tabon Cave, Palawan, Philippines. Ann. Univ. Ferrara Mus. Sci. Nat, 6, 147-154.
Xu, J., Janowczyk, A., Chandran, S., dan Madabhushi, A. (2011), A High-Throughput Active Contour Scheme for Segmentation of Histopathological Imagery. Medical Image Analysis, 15(6).
Yoo, T. S., dan Metaxas, D. N. (2005), Open Science - Combining Open Data and Open Source Software: Medical Image Analysis with the Insight Toolkit. Medical Image Analysis, 9(6).
Published
2019-07-04
How to Cite
ABD JALIL, Siti Khairani et al.
Use-Wear Experiment: Identifying the Functions of Palaeolithic People's Flake Tools in Tingkayu, Sabah.
Melayu: Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu, [S.l.], v. 12, n. 2, p. 149-163, july 2019.
ISSN 2682-8049.
Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/Melayu/article/view/4999>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
Section
Articles
