Mystical Philosophy of Syncretism: Research on Rectangular Structures in the Visual Illustrations of the "Pelaga Lembu" Manuscript
Abstract
The dimension of traditional arts in the Malay world is famous for its diversity of elements of mystical syncretism. At the same time, it reflects the local community’s intellectual and cultural thinking. This intermingled and cross-cultural practice is manifested in every discipline through a visual sign system that has existed for a long time until it has caused confusion between what is true and false. This study in the context of visual arts will involve several basic structures of the square in the practice of translating visual imagery, in particular the optical illusion effect of the visual illustration of chapter marks and wafak found in the Pelaga Lembu manuscript from Kelantan-Patani, kept by the National Centre for Malay Manuscripts, National Library of Malaysia. The sign and meaning system of this element is interpreted using theoretical methods from the semiotic framework of the Inderalogy Model. Each basic frame of the square that becomes the reinforcement structure of the visual component is separated in the strain of rare knowledge. In order to scientifically balance the influence of mystical syncretism and the material of traditional arts, the researcher also looked at the meaning of this element through various cultural perspectives that once inhabited Malay culture. The results of the study found that there is an overlap of double meaning values from Pythagorean philosophy, Sufism, Hinduism and Buddhism, Kabbalah, animism and Israelite influences, which have been processed and accepted systematically into the core of common sense and integration.
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4. Al-Attas, Syed Hussein. (1992). Intelektual masyarakat membangun. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
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7. Anwar Din. (2016). Asas kebudayaan dan kesenian Melayu. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
8. Asy-Syeikh Mohd Shaleh ‘Abdullah Mengkabauw. (2017). Kasyaful Asrar (Pembuka Segala Rahsia). al-Hidayah House of Publishers Sdn. Bhd.
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10. Bennabi, Malek. (1988). Islam and history of society. Asma Rashid (terj.). Islamic Research Institute.
11. Bier, Coral. (2015). Geometry in Islamic Art. Encyclopaedia of the history of science, technology, and medicine in non-western cultures. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_10111-1
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13. Damanhuri. (2021). Hamzah Fanshuri tentang konsep wujud. Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 1(1), Januari-Juni 2021. https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/jpi
14. Dudung Abdurrahman. (2004). Pendidikan mistikal: Satu upaya ke arah pencapaian kualitas diri yang intergratif. Jurnal Mimbar, 20(2), 149–163.
15. Echols, John M. & Shadily, Hassan (1996). Kamus Inggris-Indonesia. Cetakan XXIII, Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
16. Endraswara, Suwardi. (2014). Mistik kejawen, sinkretisme, simbolisme dan sufisme dalam budaya spiritual Jawa: Penerbit Narasi (Anggota IKAPI).
17. El-Muhammady, Muhammad Uthman. (2012) Pluralisme agama: Beberapa persolaan dilihat dari pandangan arus perdana Islamdalam pluralisme agama: Satu gerakan iblis memurtadkan ummah, pp.139-157. MUAFAKAT.
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21. Jowers, Iestyn, Prats, Miquel, Eissa, Hesham & Ji-Hyun Lee. (2010). A Study of Emergence in The Generation of Islamic Geomatric. New Frontiers: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia CAADRIA 2010, 39–48. Association for Research in Computer-Aided Architectural Research in Asia (CAADRIA).
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26. Mohammad Nazzri Ahmad. (2016). Falsafah seni ukiran kayu Melayu. (Tesis Phd tidak diterbitkan). Akademi Pengajian Melayu. Universiti Malaya.
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29. Nor Azlin Hamidon. (2008).Calligraphy painting in Malaysia: Clarification as an art tradition. (Tesis Ijazah Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan). Fakulti Seni Lukis & Seni Reka. Universiti Teknologi Mara.
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33. Schimmel, A. (2004). Misteri angka-angka: Dalam berbagai peradaban kuno dan tradisi agama Islam, Yahudi dan Kristen. Pustaka Hidayah.
34. Seyyed Hossein Nasr. (1997). Pengetahuan dan kesucian. Pustaka Pelajar.
35. Shaharir Mohd Zain. (2013). Unsur asasi jirim dalam sains Melayu sebelum dipengaruhi Barat. Dlm. Etnosains dan etnomatematik alam Melayu. Universiti Malaya.
36. Simuh. (1996). Sufisme Jawa: Transformasi tasawuf Islam ke mistikal Jawa. Cetakan 2, Bentang.
37. Srisadono, Y.D. (2012). Konsep ‘sacred space’ dalam arsitektur gereja katolik. Jurnal Melintas. 28(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.26593/mel.v28i2.282.182-206
38. Stephen E. Jones. (2018). The biblical meaning of numbers from one to forty.God’s Kingdom Ministries.
39. Syed Ahmad Jamal. (1992). Rupa dan jiwa. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Wan Abdul Kadir Wan Yusoff & Zainal Abidin Borhan. (2006). Ideologi dan Kebudayaan Kebangsaan. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
40. Wan Mohd Dasuki & Siti Radziah. (2014). Kearifan Melayu dalam pembinaan konsentrasi dan ketepatan: Aplikasinya dalam ritual menembak. Dlm. Merekayasa kearifan tempatan: Budaya, pelancongan, arkeologi dan sejarah. Nazarudin Zainun & Darlina Md. Naim (Eds.) Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia.
41. Zakaria Stapa. (2012). Pendekatan tasawuf dan tarekat wadah pemerkasaan jati diri ummah. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
42. Zeinab Feisal Abdel Kader (2012) Reflections of number symbolism on egyptian sacred architecture. Engineering Research Journal. Doi: 10.21608/Erjm.2012.67177
Published
2022-12-13
How to Cite
SHAARI, Shahrul Anuar; MOHAMED SAAT, Mohd Khizal.
Mystical Philosophy of Syncretism: Research on Rectangular Structures in the Visual Illustrations of the "Pelaga Lembu" Manuscript.
Melayu: Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu, [S.l.], v. 16, n. 1, p. 79-104, dec. 2022.
ISSN 2682-8049.
Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/Melayu/article/view/8418>. Date accessed: 26 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.37052/jm.16(1)no4.
Section
Articles
