Tracking Malay Vocabulary: Data in Pigafetta's Dictionary (1521)
Abstract
This article studies the oldest Malay dictionary based on data collected by Antonio Pigafetta in 1521. This dictionary, which was organized by Pigafetta himself (1522-1524) and published in part in 1536, survives in the Ambrosiana manuscript in Milan, Italy (Robertson 1906). Only a few 20th-century scholars have studied these lexical data. However, for various reasons, the identification of the meanings and sources of these lexical items has not been adequately explored. At the present time, 500 years after Pigafetta's fieldwork, new materials are available and can be utilized. This article examines some of the data in Pigafetta's dictionary in order to understand the sociolinguistic setting in East Nusantara at that time as well as to trace the meanings and sources of the 1521 data.
References
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14. Collins, James T. (1994b). Preliminary notes on Berau Malay. Dlm. P. Martin (Peny.) Shifting patterns of language use in Borneo, 297-333. Borneo Research Council, Inc.
15. Collins, James T. (1996). Borneo and Maluku: The evidence from the language of Bacan. Dlm. Peter Martin, Conrad Ozog & Gloria Poedjosoedarmo (Eds.) Language use
16. and language change in Brunei Darussalam, 73-88. Ohio University, Center for International Studies.
18. Collins, James T. (2002). Field dictionary of Mahakam Lakes Malay. Naskhah.
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31. Cortés-Rojas, Diego Francisco, C. R. Fernandes de Souza, and W. Pereira Oliveira. (2014). Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): A precious spice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4(2), 90–96.
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34. Gonda, J. (1938). Pigafetta’s vocabularium van het “Molukken-Maleisch”. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 97, 101‒124.
35. Griffiths, A. & E. Clavé. 2022. The Laguna copperplate inscription: Tenth Century Luzon, Java, and the Malay World. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints, 70(2), 167–242.
36. Haynes, H. S. (1900). A list of Brunei-Malay words. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 34, 39‒48.
37. Hoëvell, G.W.W.C. van. (1875). Ambon en meer bepaaldelijk de Oeliassers, geographisch,ethnographisch, politisch en historisch. Blussé en Van Braam.
38. Jaludin Haji Chuchu. (2003). Dialek Melayu Brunei dalam Salasilah Bahasa Melayu Purba.Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
39. Jaludin Haji Chuchu. (2008). Berau-Brunei: Jalinan hubungan utuh. Dlm. K.E. Sukamto (Peny.). Kelana bahana sang bahasawan: Persembahan untuk Prof. Soenjono
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Universitas Atma Jaya.
41. KBBI. (2016). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (Edisi kelima). Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.
42. KBMB. (2007). Kamus bahasa Melayu Brunei (Edisi kedua). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
Brunei.
43. KBMN. (2003). Kamus bahasa Melayu Nusantara. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei.
44. KDP. (2020). Kamus Dewan Perdana. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
45. Kern, W. (1938). Waar verzamelde Pigafetta zijn Maleise woorden? Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 78, 271‒273.
46. Khalid M. Husain & N. Siahaan. (1979). Sumbangan Prof. J. Gonda terhadap penyelidikan bahasa Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
47. Le Roux, C. C. F. M. (1929). De Elcano’s tocht door den Timorarchipel
48. met Magalhaes’ schip ”Victor!a”. Dalam Feestbundel uitgegeven door het Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen bij gelegenheid van zijn 150jarigbestaan 1778‒1928. Hlm. 1‒99. Weltevreden: Kolff.
49. Litamahuputty, B. (2012). Ternate Malay: grammar and texts. LOT
50. Marshall, H. B. (1921). A vocabulary of Brunei-Malay. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 83, 45‒74.
51. Moulton, J. C. (1921). Points of the compass in Brunei Malay. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 83, 75.
52. Pigafetta, A. (1969). Magellan’s voyage: A narrative of the first circumnavigation. Diedit dan diterjemahkan oleh R.A. Skelton. Yale University Press.
53. Ptak, R. (1993). China and the trade in cloves, circa 960‒1435. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 113(1), 1–13.
54. Renzulli, M. (2020). The ancient winds of Italy. italofile.com/ancient-winds-italy/#Robertson, J. A. (1906). Magellan’s voyage around the world. The A. H. Clark Company.
55. Skelton, R. A. (1969). Introduction. Dalam A. Pigafetta Magellan’s voyage: A narrative ofthe first circumnavigation. 1‒28. Yale University Press.
56. Wade, G. (2009). An early age of commerce in Southeast Asia, 900–1300 CE. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 40(2), 221–65.
57. Wilkinson, R. J. (1903). A Malay-English dictionary. Singapore: Kelly & Walsh Ltd.
58. Wilkinson, R. J. (1932). A Malay-English dictionary. (Romanised). Salavopoulos and
Kinderlis.
59. Google map. (n.d.). December, 2023, from www.freeworldmaps.net
2. Bausani, A. (1960). The first Italian-Malay vocabulary by Antonio Pigafetta. East and West (NS) 11, 229-248.
3. Bausani, A. (1972). L'Indonesia nella relazione di viaggio di Antonia Pigafetta. Roma:Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente. Centro Italiano di Cultura.
4. Blagden, C. O. (1931). Corrigenda to Malay and other words collected by Pigafetta, Journalof the Royal Asiatic Society, 63(4), 857-862.
5. Burkill, I. H. (1966). A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives, Malaysia.
6. Clercq, F. S. A. de. (1876). Het Maleisch der Molukken. Lijst der meest voorkomende vreemde en van het gewone Maleisch verschillende woorden, zooals die gebruikt worden in de residentieën Manado, Ternate, Ambon met Banda en Timor Koepang; benevens eenige proeven van aldaar vervaardigde pantoens, prozastukken en
7. gedichten. Bruining.
8. Collins, James T. (1980). Ambonese Malay and creolization theory. Dewan Bahasa dan
9. Pustaka.
10. Collins, James T. (1983). The historical relationships of the languages of Central Maluku,Indonesia. Pacific Linguistics D47. The Australian National University.
11. Collins, James T. (1988). Fieldnotes: Berau Malay,7-8 April 1988. Naskhah.
12. Collins, James T. (1991). Malay dialects and the history of Malays. Makalah undangan yang dibentangkan di Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris, 2 Disember, 1991.
13. Collins, James T. (1994a). Bahasa Melayu pada prasasti di Manila. Ensiklopedia Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Melayu, 1, 363-364. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
14. Collins, James T. (1994b). Preliminary notes on Berau Malay. Dlm. P. Martin (Peny.) Shifting patterns of language use in Borneo, 297-333. Borneo Research Council, Inc.
15. Collins, James T. (1996). Borneo and Maluku: The evidence from the language of Bacan. Dlm. Peter Martin, Conrad Ozog & Gloria Poedjosoedarmo (Eds.) Language use
16. and language change in Brunei Darussalam, 73-88. Ohio University, Center for International Studies.
18. Collins, James T. (2002). Field dictionary of Mahakam Lakes Malay. Naskhah.
19. Collins, James T. (2006). The Malayic variants of eastern Borneo. Dlm. Fritz Schulze & Holger Warnk (Peny.). Insular Southeast Asia. Linguistic and cultural studies in honour of Bernd Nothofer, 37-52. Harrassowitz.
20. Collins, James T. (2018). Malay: World language: A short history. (Third revised edition). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
21. Collins, James T. (2022a). Bacan-English dictionary. Deepublish Publisher.
22. Collins, James T. (2022b). Tinjauan leksikografis dan etimologis: Perkembangan kosa kata Melayu dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Naskhah.
23. Collins, James T. (2022c). Kamus Dewan Perdana: Tinjauan Maklumat Etimologi. Melayu:Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu, 16(2), 209-238.
24. Collins, James T. (2022d). Brunei dan Nusantara Timur: Bahasa, Migrasi dan Komoditi. Makalah undangan yang dibentangkan dalam Majlis Tamu Bahasa di Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei, Berakas, Brunei Darussalam.
25. Collins, James T. & H. Schmidt. (1992). Bahasa Melayu di Pulau Ternate: Maklumat tahun 1599. Dewan Bahasa, 36, 292-327.
26. Collins, James T. & R. Novotny. (1991). Etymology, entomology and nutrition: Another word from Pigafetta. Cakalele, 2(2), 123-132.
27. Collins, James T. & Karim Harun. 2023. Bahasa Melayu abad ketujuh belas. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
28. Collins, James T. & Chong Shin. (2023). Bahasa Melayu di Kalimantan Timur. Naskhah.
29. Cortés-Rojas, Diego Francisco, C. R. Fernandes de Souza, and W. Pereira Oliveira. (2014). Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): A precious spice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4(2), 90-96.
30. Collins, James T. & Chong Shin. (2023). Bahasa Melayu di Kalimantan Timur. Naskhah.
31. Cortés-Rojas, Diego Francisco, C. R. Fernandes de Souza, and W. Pereira Oliveira. (2014). Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): A precious spice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4(2), 90–96.
32. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei. (1971). Perbendaharaan-kata Brunei. Bahana, 15,
917–920.
33. Online map. (n.d.). [Celebes Seas]. Retrieved December, 2023, from www.freeworldmaps.net
34. Gonda, J. (1938). Pigafetta’s vocabularium van het “Molukken-Maleisch”. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 97, 101‒124.
35. Griffiths, A. & E. Clavé. 2022. The Laguna copperplate inscription: Tenth Century Luzon, Java, and the Malay World. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints, 70(2), 167–242.
36. Haynes, H. S. (1900). A list of Brunei-Malay words. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 34, 39‒48.
37. Hoëvell, G.W.W.C. van. (1875). Ambon en meer bepaaldelijk de Oeliassers, geographisch,ethnographisch, politisch en historisch. Blussé en Van Braam.
38. Jaludin Haji Chuchu. (2003). Dialek Melayu Brunei dalam Salasilah Bahasa Melayu Purba.Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
39. Jaludin Haji Chuchu. (2008). Berau-Brunei: Jalinan hubungan utuh. Dlm. K.E. Sukamto (Peny.). Kelana bahana sang bahasawan: Persembahan untuk Prof. Soenjono
40. Dardjowidjojo, Ph.D. dalan rangka ulangtahunnya yang ke-70, 139‒160. Penerbit
Universitas Atma Jaya.
41. KBBI. (2016). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (Edisi kelima). Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.
42. KBMB. (2007). Kamus bahasa Melayu Brunei (Edisi kedua). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
Brunei.
43. KBMN. (2003). Kamus bahasa Melayu Nusantara. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei.
44. KDP. (2020). Kamus Dewan Perdana. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
45. Kern, W. (1938). Waar verzamelde Pigafetta zijn Maleise woorden? Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 78, 271‒273.
46. Khalid M. Husain & N. Siahaan. (1979). Sumbangan Prof. J. Gonda terhadap penyelidikan bahasa Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
47. Le Roux, C. C. F. M. (1929). De Elcano’s tocht door den Timorarchipel
48. met Magalhaes’ schip ”Victor!a”. Dalam Feestbundel uitgegeven door het Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen bij gelegenheid van zijn 150jarigbestaan 1778‒1928. Hlm. 1‒99. Weltevreden: Kolff.
49. Litamahuputty, B. (2012). Ternate Malay: grammar and texts. LOT
50. Marshall, H. B. (1921). A vocabulary of Brunei-Malay. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 83, 45‒74.
51. Moulton, J. C. (1921). Points of the compass in Brunei Malay. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 83, 75.
52. Pigafetta, A. (1969). Magellan’s voyage: A narrative of the first circumnavigation. Diedit dan diterjemahkan oleh R.A. Skelton. Yale University Press.
53. Ptak, R. (1993). China and the trade in cloves, circa 960‒1435. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 113(1), 1–13.
54. Renzulli, M. (2020). The ancient winds of Italy. italofile.com/ancient-winds-italy/#Robertson, J. A. (1906). Magellan’s voyage around the world. The A. H. Clark Company.
55. Skelton, R. A. (1969). Introduction. Dalam A. Pigafetta Magellan’s voyage: A narrative ofthe first circumnavigation. 1‒28. Yale University Press.
56. Wade, G. (2009). An early age of commerce in Southeast Asia, 900–1300 CE. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 40(2), 221–65.
57. Wilkinson, R. J. (1903). A Malay-English dictionary. Singapore: Kelly & Walsh Ltd.
58. Wilkinson, R. J. (1932). A Malay-English dictionary. (Romanised). Salavopoulos and
Kinderlis.
59. Google map. (n.d.). December, 2023, from www.freeworldmaps.net
Published
2023-12-27
How to Cite
COLLINS, James Thomas.
Tracking Malay Vocabulary: Data in Pigafetta's Dictionary (1521).
Melayu: Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu, [S.l.], v. 17, n. 1, p. 1-34, dec. 2023.
ISSN 2682-8049.
Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/Melayu/article/view/8806>. Date accessed: 29 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.37052/jm.17(1)no1.
Section
Articles
