Elements of Patriotism in the Genealogy of the Bugis Monarchs: An Analysis of Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas

Bugis; kesusasteraan Melayu; ketatanegaraan; patriotisme; Riau-Lingga; sejarah Melayu.

Abstract

Mirror for rulers' genre is a part of the history of traditional Malay literature, providing guidance and advice to rulers on effective governance. This genre of writing typically contains didactic historical narratives suhlm.rted by quotations from the Quran, hadith, or specific sayings by Islamic scholars, aimed at leaving a lasting impression on readers, particularly the kings or the dignitaries. In the early 20th century, this tradition was carried on by Raja Ali Kelana through the production of Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas, which features additional historical elements, specifically the genealogical lineage of the Bugis royal family within the Riau-Lingga Sultanate. Consequently, this study focuses on analysing the historical elements within the Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas, with particular attention to the genealogical lineage of the Bugis monarchs. This research employs a qualitative ahlm.oach, utilising content analysis method with an inductive ahlm.oach. The findings of the study indicate that this literary work features elements of patriotism, specifically regarding the sources of power of the Bugis kings within the Riau-Lingga Sultanate, the lineage of the Bugis kings who inherited the position of Yang Dipertuan Muda, and the narrative of Opu Bugis as a patriot. This reflects the author's intention to evoke a sense of patriotism in response to the socio-political pressures faced by the Riau-Lingga Sultanate due to Western colonialism.

Author Biographies

Annuar Ramadhon Kasa, Universiti Malaya

Pelajar Pascasiswazah, Jabatan Sejarah & Tamadun Islam, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya.

Mohd Anuar Ramli, Universiti Malaya

Prof. Madya, Jabatan Fiqh & Usul, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya.

References

Abu Hassan Sham. (1980). Tariqat Naqsyabandiyah dan peranannya dalam kerajaan Melayu Riau sehingga awal abad kedua puluh. Dalam Khoo Kay Kim (Eds.), Tamadun di Malaysia (hlm. 74–86). Persatuan Sejarah Malaysia.
Abu Hassan Sham. (1995). Syair-syair Melayu Riau. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia.
Abdul Rahman Abdullah. (1997). Pemikiran Islam di Malaysia: Sejarah dan aliran. Gema Insani Press.
Abdul Rahman. (2016). Konsep mamlukah dan keharusan maṣlahah dalam etika kekuasaan Raja Ali Kelana 1849–1927 [Tesis Sarjana, UIN Kalijaga, Yogyakarta].
Abdul Rahman. (2021). Etika pemimpin politik dalam Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas (Perspektif Maqashid al-Syariah). Al Imarah: Jurnal Pemerintahan dan Politik Islam, 6(1), 10–19.
Ahmad Dahlan. (2017). Sejarah Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Ahmad al-Fatani. (1935). Hadiqah al-Azhar wa al-Riyahin fi Manaqib al-Akhyar wa Akhbar al-Salihin. Haji Muhammad `Ali bin Haji Muhammad Rawa.
Alaeddin Tekin. (2021). Restoration of Riau Sultanate-Ottoman relations (1857-1904): Explanatory factors. Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), 26(2), 177–196.
Ali Ahmad. (1987). Karya-karya sastera bercorak sejarah. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Anastasia Wiwik Swastiwi. (2015). Pulau Tujuh: Sejarah dan masyarakatnya pada naskah pohon perhimpunan peri perjalanan. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan Balai Pelestarian Nilai Budaya Tanjung Pinang.
Andaya, B.W. (1977). From Rum to Tokyo: the search for anticolonial allies by the rulers of Riau 1899–1914. Indonesian, 24, 123–156.
Annuar Ramadhon Kasa, & Akmaliza Abdullah. (2022). Pemikiran Raja Ali Haji tentang sifat dengki: Analisis terhadap Thamarat Al-Muhimmah dan Tuhfat al-Nafis. UMRAN: International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies, 9(3), 67–81.
Arba’iyah Mohd Noor. (2021). Literary and intellectual life in nineteenth-century Penyengat Island: Riau the works of Raja Ali Haji. Al-Shajarah: Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), 26(2), 197–218.
Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI). (1970). Surat-surat perdjandjian antara Kesultanan Riau dengan pemerintahan V.O.C. dan Hindia Belanda 1785-1809. Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia.
Aswandi Syahri. (2006). Raja Ali Kelana (1860an-1927) dan pondasi historis industri Pulau Batam. Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kota Batam.
Auni Abdullah. (2015). Pemikiran politik Islam dalam sejarah persuratan Melayu. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Barnard, T. P. (1994). Taman penghiburan: Entertainment and the Riau élite in the late 19th century. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 67(2), 17–46.
Buyong Adil. (2020). Sejarah Johor. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Ding Choo Ming. (2003). Kajian manuskrip Melayu: Masalah, kritikan dan cadangan. Utusan Publications.
Drisko, J, W., & Maschi, T. (2016). Content analysis. Oxford University Press.
EAP153/11/20. Kaifiat Zikir Tarekat Naqsyabandiah.
Eizah Mat Hussain. (2023). Konsep historiografi Melayu. Dalam Hashim Ismail (Eds.), Konsep dan genre kesusasteraan Melayu (hlm. 15–34). Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Hafiz Zakariya, & Wiwin Oktasari. (2017). From Riau to Singapore: A content analysis of the Rushdiah Club major published writings (ca. 1890-1950). Umran: International Journal of Islamic and Civilisational Studies, 4(3), 11–25.
Hafiz Zakariya, & Wiwin Oktasari. (2019). Print culture in the Sultanate of Riau-Lingga during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 9(4), 1–9.
Hafiz Zakariya, & Wiwin Oktasari. (2020). Education and writing culture in the Sultanate of Riau-Lingga during the early nineteenth century. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(10), 277–284.
Helmiati, H. (2021). Nurturing Islamic and socio-political thoughts in Riau and beyond: Exploring Raja Ali Haji’s Works. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 16(2), 99–109.
Hugronje, S. (2007). Mekka in the latter part of the 19th century (Terj.). J.H. Monahan. Brill.
Jelani Harun. (2001). Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas: Karya ketatanegaraan Melayu yang terakhir. Sari (ATMA), 19, 133–158.
Jelani Harun. (2003). Pemikiran adab dan ketatanegaraan Kesultanan Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Jelani Harun. (2008). Minda adab ketatanegaraan Kesultanan Melayu: Keharmonian hubungan pemerintah dengan rakyat. Dalam Anwar Ridhwan (Eds.), Minda Melayu (hlm. 163–182). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Jelani Harun. (2017). Kedudukan istimewa karya agung adab ketatanegaraan Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam dalam sejarah persuratan Melayu. Melayu: Jurnal Antarabangsa Dunia Melayu, 10(2), 139–162.
Mardiana Nordin. (2022). Keintelektualan masyarakat Johor: Tradisi persuratan merentas zaman. Journal of Al-Tamaddun, 17(2), 83–98.
Matheson, V. (1986). Strategies of survival: The Malay royal line of Lingga-Riau. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 17(1), 5–38.
Matheson, M. (1989). Pulau Penyengat: Nineteenth century islamic centre of Riau. Archipel 37, Villes d'Insulinde IIV, 153–172.
Matheson, V. (Penyusun) (1998). Tuhfat al-Nafis. Yayasan Karyawan dengan kerjasama Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
Mohamad Hazizie Sulkafle. (2023). Major trends in the study of Malay statecraft since 1900. IIUM Journal of Religion and Civilisational Studies, 6(2), 93–119.
Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor, & Ahmad Dahlan. (2018). The activism and survival of the Riau-Lingga ‘Ulama in the Dutch East Indies colonial era (1900–1913). Journal of Indonesian Islam, 12(1), 69–84.
Nor Ashikin Md Nor, & Salmah Jan Noor Muhammad. (2017). Bustan al-Salatin panduan kepada pemerintahan Islam yang adil oleh golongan pembantu raja. MANU: Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa, 26, 51–75.
Norazimah Zakaria, Abdul Halim Ali, Azhar Wahid, & Ani Omar. (2018). Sejarah Melayu sebagai lambang tradisi akal budi bangsa yang tinggi. Jurnal Melayu Sedunia, 1(1), 191–209.
Norhayati Hj Hamzah, & Jamaluddin Aziz. (2019). Historical and didactic themes in Bustan Al-Salatin by Nur Al-Din Al-Raniri: A study based on book i-book iv. Journal of al-Tamaddun, 14(2), 117–142.
Norhayati Hj Hamzah. (2020). The sources of writing Bustan Al-Salatin by Nur Al-Din Al-Raniri: A study based on book i-book IV. Journal of al-Tamaddun, 15(2), 115–132.
Noriah Taslim. (2016). Kolonialisme dan fenomena sastera abad peralihan. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Primadona, W. T. (2023). Sustainable tourism: Cultural and historical tourism destination, Bulang District, Batam City. LANGGAM: International Journal of Social Science Education, Art and Culture, 2(3), 21–31.
Proudfoot, I. (1993). Early Malay printed books: A provisional account of materials published in the Singapore-Malaysia area up to 1920, noting holdings in major public collections. Akademi Pengajian Melayu, Universiti Malaya.
Putten, J., & Al-Azhar. (1995). Di dalam berkekalan persahabatan: “In Ever Lasting Friendship”: Letters from Raja Ali Haji. Department of Languages and Culture of South-East Asia and Oceania, University of Leiden
Raja Ali Kelana. (1910). Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas. Matba’ah al-Imam.
Raja Hassan Raja Nor. (1972). Pola-pola historiografi dalam pensejarahan Melayu. Jebat: Malaysian Journal of History, Politics and Strategic Studies, 2, 16–24.
Saepuddin, S. (2020). Pengaruh Bugis di Tanah Melayu dalam perspektif sejarah sosial politik. Rihlah: Jurnal Sejarah dan Kebudayaan, 8(1), 1–17.
Salmah Jan Noor Muhammad. (2015). Strategi diplomatik bervariasi suatu kearifan lokal dalam pemerintahan Kesultanan Melayu. International Journal of the Malay World and Civilisation, 3(2), 79–93.
Salmah Jan Noor Muhammad. (2022). The concept of the intellect according to Nuruddin Al-Raniri in the Bustan al-Salatin. Malay Literature, 35(1), 1–26.
Shah Rul Anuar Nordin. (2022). Perbandingan pemikiran ketatanegaraan di dalam kitab Salatin. Global Journal of al-Thaqafah, 12(2), 119–134.
Syed Alwi al-Hady. (1999). The life of my father. Dalam Alijah G. (Eds.), The real cry of Syed Haykh al-Hady (hlm. 69–84). Malaysian Sociological Research Institute.
Tatiana A. Denisova. (2017). Ketatanegaraan Melayu kurun ke-19 menerusi pandangan Raja Ali Haji: Kajian berdasarkan karya sejarah Tuhfat al-Nafis. Dalam Arba’iyah Mohd Noor dan Mohd Hanafi Ibrahim (Eds.), Raja Ali Haji: Pemikir ulung alam Melayu abad ke-19 (hlm. 169–193). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
U.U. Hamidy. (1988). Riau sebagai pusat bahasa dan kebudayaan Melayu. Penerbit Bumi Pustaka.
Wan Mohd Nor, Tatiana A. Denisova, & Khalif Muammar A. Harris. (2015). Patriotisme & ketatanegaraan. Akademi Ketatanegaraan BTN, Jabatan Perdana Menteri dengan kerjasama CASIS, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Wan Mohd Shaghir. (1985). Syeikh Ismail al-Minangkabawi: Penyiar Thariqat Naqsyabandiyah Khalidiyah. CV Ramadhani.
Zainal Kling. (2019). Kedaulatan dan kekuasaan Melayu dalam teks sastera. Dalam Jelani Harun dan Rogayah A. Hamid (Eds.), Kedaulatan dan kekuasaan Melayu dalam teks sastera (hlm. 1–37). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Published
2024-11-14
How to Cite
KASA, Annuar Ramadhon; RAMLI, Mohd Anuar. Elements of Patriotism in the Genealogy of the Bugis Monarchs: An Analysis of Kitab Kumpulan Ringkas Berbetulan Lekas. Malay Literature, [S.l.], v. 37, n. 2, p. 201-228, nov. 2024. ISSN 2682-8030. Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/MalayLiterature/article/view/8973>. Date accessed: 30 dec. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.37052/ml37(2)no2.