Compensation for Victim of Road Traffic Accident:Towards an Integration of Diat and Insurance in Malaysia
(Pampasan Ganti Rugi Mangsa Kemalangan Jalan Raya: Ke Arah Mengintegrasikan Diyat dengan Insurans di Malaysia)
Abstract
Road traffic accident is a disaster that can happen due to negligence. The accident can cause both physical injuries and property losses. Road Transportation Act 1987 makes it an obligation for all vehicle owners to have policy insurance that covers them from any loss. However, there are still parties involved, apart from the insured, that is not eligible to any compensation. The issue is how the compensation was calculated based on the insurance policy and the law regulating road traffic accident in Malaysia. The article analyses the possibility of integrating the principle of diat into the framework of compensation based on the insurance as 'aqilah. The research is done based on the theoretical analysis. It is found that insurance company and the motor insurance policy are consistent with the philosophy of 'aqilah. In terms of quantum of damages, it is found that the value under diat is much higher that those covered both under the insurance/takaful policy and Compendium of Personal Injury Awards 2014. It is also suggested that an automobile fund is set up to assist the unprotected victims.
Keywords, diat, insurance, compensation, damages, risk, protection
References
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Siti Zubaidah Ismail (2012). The modern interpretation of diat formula for the quantum of damages: The case of homicide and personal injuries. Arab Law Quarterly, 26(3), 361 - 379.
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Wahbah al-Zuhayli. (1998). Nazariyyat al-Daman wa Ahkam al- Masuliyyah al-Madaniyyah wa al-Jinaiyyah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami Dirasah Muqaranah, Dimasyq: Dar al-Fikr, p. 235.
[1981] 1 MLJ 295.
[1983] 2 MLJ 324.
Abi Daud, Sulayman ibn al-Ash'ath al-Azdi. (n.d.). Sunan Abi Daud. Kitab al-Diat (Bab Diyyat al-A'dha'. no. hadis: 4564).
Ahmad Muhammad Husni. (2012). Kedudukan Insurans sebagai pengganti 'aqilah bagi pembayaran diat dalam kes kemalangan jalan raya menurut undang-undang Islam. International Journal of West Asian Studies, 4(1), p. 6.
Akta Undang-undang Sivil 1956 (Akta 67).
Akta 333.
al-Bahithin, Ya'kub ibn Abd-al-Wahab. (2012). Qaidah al-Adah muhakkamah dirasah nazariyyah ta'siliyyah tatbiqiyyah. Riyadh: Maktabah al-Rushd, pp. 25 - 27.
Albert W. Dzur. (2011). Restorative justice and democracy: Fostering public accountability for criminal justice. Contemporary Justice Review: Issues in Criminal, Social, and Restorative Justice, 14(4), 368.
al-Syawkani, Muhammad Ibn Ali. (2004). Nayl al-Autar Sharh Muntaqa al-Akhbar. Beirut: Bayt al-Afkar al-Dauliyyah, p. 1371.
Bukhari, Abu 'Abd Allah Muḥammad ibn Ismailal-Bukhari. (n.d.). Sahih al-Bukhari. Kitab al-Diat (Bab Janin al-Mar'ah wa anna al-Aql ala al-Walid wa Asabah al-Walid la ala al-Walid. no. hadis, 6058).
Compendium of Personal Injury Awards 2010; Edisi Baharu (2014) disediakan oleh Ahli Jawatankuasa Pelaksana Bar Council Malaysia.
Ezamshah Ismail. (2017). Development of the takaful industry in Malaysia. Dalam Mohamed Arif Abdul Kareem (Ed.),Islamic finance in Malaysia: Growth & development(pp. 175 - 206). Kuala Lumpur: Pearson Malaysia.
Hilal Faraghli Hilal. (1990). Al-Nizham al-Islami fi Ta'wid al-Madhrur min al-Jarimah. Riyadh: Dar an-Nashr bi al-Markaz al-Gharib wa al-Tadrib, p. 12.
Info Insurans, Memahami Insurans dan Takaful. Capaian pada 9 November 2016 daripada Laman Web Program Pendidikan Bank Negara Malaysia, http://www.insuransceinfo.com.my/_system/media/downloadables/insurans_motor.pdf.
Khan, A. (n.d.). Human ignorance (jahiliyyah): Past & present. The Dialogue, VIII(4), 353.
Kirazli, S. B. T.-I. S. (2011). Conflict and conflict resolution in the pre- Islamic Arab society. Journal of Islamic Studies, 50(1), 35 - 36.
Liow Tiong Lai, Menteri Pengangkutan. 'A total of 80.6 per cent of the road accidents are caused by human error'. Capaian pada 29 Mei 2017 daripada https://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/01/205090/number-fatal-road-accidents-2016-more-7000-lives-lost.
Mohd. Shukri Hanafi. (2013). From jahiliyyah to Islamic worldview: In search of an Islamic educational philosophy. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(2), 216.
Muhammad Shahidul Islam et al. (2015). Compensation of road accidents in Islamic law: An analysis. Journal of Islam Law and Judiciary, 1(4), 19-34.
Muhammad Suhail Toqush. (2009). Tarikh al-Arab Qabl al-Islam. Beirut: Dar an-Nafais, p. 159.
Paizah Ismail. (2012). Pelaksanaan diat dalam kerangka cabaran fiqh semasa. Jurnal Fiqh, 9(9), 2.
Pre-Contract Examination Insuransce Agent. (2014). Shah Alam: The Malaysian Insuransce Institute.
Pre-Contract Examination Insuransce Agent. (2009). Kuala Lumpur: The Malaysian Insuransce Institute.
Ramizah Wan Muhammad. (2016). Restorative justice in Islamic criminal legal system. Journal of Islamic Law Review, 12(2), p. 191.
R. K. Nathan. (1998). Nathan on negligence. Kuala Lumpur: Malayan Law Journal Sdn. Bhd., p. 329.
S. Santhana Dass. (2000). Personal injury claims. Petaling Jaya: AlphaSigma Sdn. Bhd., p. 48; Best lwn Samuel Fox & Co. Ltd. [1952] 2 AllER 394, 396 HL.
Salleh Buang. (1999). Undang-undang kecuaian di Malaysia. (Asiah Mohd. Yusof, Terj.). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, p. 328.
Siti Zubaidah Ismail (2012). The modern interpretation of diat formula for the quantum of damages: The case of homicide and personal injuries. Arab Law Quarterly, 26(3), 361 - 379.
Siti Zubaidah Ismail. (2017). Pampasan kecederaan fizikal akibat kecuaian menurut perundangan Islam. Petaling Jaya: International Law Book Services.
The Unified Motor Vehicles Insurance Policy (Edisi ke-3). (2016). Capital Market Authority, the Sultanate of Oman.
Wahbah al-Zuhayli. (1998). Nazariyyat al-Daman wa Ahkam al- Masuliyyah al-Madaniyyah wa al-Jinaiyyah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami Dirasah Muqaranah, Dimasyq: Dar al-Fikr, p. 235.
[1981] 1 MLJ 295.
[1983] 2 MLJ 324.
Published
2018-01-01
How to Cite
ISMAIL, Siti Zubaidah; SAMUDIN, Siti Aisyah.
Compensation for Victim of Road Traffic Accident:Towards an Integration of Diat and Insurance in Malaysia.
Kanun: Jurnal Undang-undang Malaysia, [S.l.], v. 30, n. 1, p. 1-37, jan. 2018.
ISSN 2682-8057.
Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/Kanun/article/view/1562>. Date accessed: 23 nov. 2024.
Section
Articles
