Penubuhan dan Bidang Kuasa Mahkamah Muamalat di Malaysia: Isu dan Cabaran
Abstract
The Malaysian Financial Sector Master Plan 2001-2010 provides a blueprint for the establishment of a Syariah commercial court within the Malaysian judiciary system to address the legal issues related to Islamic finance. Accordingly, the Judicial Department has taken proactive steps to set up a special division under the civil courts to handle cases related to banking and finance. The establishment of specialized courts is pursuant to the Practice Direction No. 1/2003 issued by the Chief Justice (as he then was), Dato' Haidar Mohd Nor. Since 2003, cases relating to Islamic finance have been registered at the High Court Commercial Division 4. This special court, known as the Muamalat Court, began operations in February 2009 at the Kuala Lumpur High Court. This paper discusses the establishment, structure and function of the Muamalat Court as well as highlighting the issues and challenges encountered by this court.
Keyword: Islamic Financial System, Malaysia, Court System, Civil Court, Muamalat Court
References
Abdul Monir Yaacob (ed.), 2001. Sistem Kehakiman Islam. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM).
Affin Bank Berhad lwn Zulkifli Abdullah [2006] 3 MLJ 67.
Ahmad Hidayat Buang (ed.), 2005. Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia - Pencapaian dan Cabaran. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Ahmad Hidayat Buang (ed.), 1998. Undang-undang Islam di Mahkamah-mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Syariah dan Undang-undang, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya.
Ahmad Ibrahim & Ahilemah Joned, 1987. The Malaysian Legal System. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim, 1999. Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM).
Akta Bank dan Institusi-institusi Kewangan 1989 (Akta 372).
Akta Bank Islam 1983 (Akta 276).
Akta Bank Negara Malaysia 2009 (Akta 701).
Akta Institusi Kewangan Pembangunan 2002 (Akta 618).
Akta Mahkamah Kehakiman 1964 (Akta 91) (Pindaan 1972).
Akta Mahkamah Rendah 1948 (Akta 92) (Pindaan 1972).
Akta Pasaran Modal dan Perkhidmatan 2007 (Akta 671).
Akta Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam (Wilayah-wilayah Persekutuan) 1993 (Akta 505).
Akta Suruhanjaya Sekuriti 1993 (Akta 498).
Akta Takaful 1984 (Akta 312).
Arab Malaysian Merchant Bank Berhad lwn Silver Concept Sdn Bhd [2005] 5 MLJ 210.
Arab Malaysian Finance Bhd lwn Taman Ihsan Jaya Sdn Bhd & Ors (Koperasi Seri Kota Bukit Cheraka Bhd, third party) [2008] 5 MLJ 631; [2009] 1 CLJ 419.
Arahan Amalan No. 1 (2003).
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad lwn Adnan Omar [1994] 3 CLJ 735; [1994] 3 AMR 44; [1994] 4 BLJ 372.
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad lwn Pasaraya Peladang Sdn Berhad [2004] 7 MLJ 355.
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad lwn Rhea Zadani Corporation Sdn. Bhd. [2012] 10 MLJ 484.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Adnan bin Omar (1994) 3 CLJ 735.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Azhar Osman & Other Cases [2010] 5 CLJ 54 [2010] 1 LNS 251.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Lim Kok Hoe & Anor And Other Appeals [2009] 6 CLJ 22; [2009] 6 MLJ 839.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Shamsuddin Bin Haji Ahmad [1999]; 1 LNS 275; [1999] MLJ 450.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Berhad lwn Emcee Corporation Sdn. Bhd. [2003] 2 MLJ 408; 1 CLJ 625.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn Emcee Corporation Sdn Bhd [2003] 1 CLJ 625.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn Nesaretnam Samyveloo [2002] 8 CLJ 95; [2002] 7 MLJ 103.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn PSC Naval Dockyard Sdn Bhd [2008] 1 CLJ 784; [2007] MLJ 722.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn Sea Oil Mill (1979) Sdn Bhd & Anor [2010] 1 CLJ 793.
Bank Negara Malaysia, 2001. Financial Sector Master Plan 2001-2010. Kuala Lumpur: Bank Negara Malaysia.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "BNM Guidelines & Circulars Listing". Carian pada 8 Januari 2013 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=en_ reference&pg= enreference_index&ac=584&lang=bm#shariah.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Banking Institutions in Malaysia - Islamic Banks". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm. gov.my/ index.php?ch=li&cat=islamic&type =IB&fund=0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Banking Institutions in Malaysia - International Islamic Banks". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=li&cat=iib&type=IIB&fund= 0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Insurances Companies & Takaful Operators in Malaysia - Takaful Operators". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/ index.php?ch=li&cat=insuran ce&type=TKF&fund=0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Insurances Companies & Takaful Operators in Malaysia - Retakaful Operators". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=li&cat=insurance&type= RTKF&fund=0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Insurances Companies & Takaful Operators in Malaysia - International Takaful Operators". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=li&cat=insuranc e&type=ITO&fund =cu=0 .
Dato' Nik Mahmud Bin Daud lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad; [1996] 4 MLJ 295 Enakmen Mahkamah Syariah (Kedah Darul Aman) 2008.
Enakmen Pentadbiran Agama Islam (Negeri Selangor) 2003.
Garis Panduan Pengurusan Dana Islam.
Garis Panduan Dasar-dasar Pengurusan Dana Asing.
Garis Panduan Bagi Amanah Pelaburan Hartanah Islam.
Garis Panduan Penawaran Sekuriti Islam.
Hakimah Yaacob, 2011. Analysis of Legal Disputes in Islamic Finance and the Way Forward: With Special Reference Conducted at Muamalat Court. Kuala Lumpur.
Kaedah-kaedah bagi Timbang tara (Perbankan dan Perkhidmatan Kewangan Islam) 2007.
Kopeks Holdings Sdn Bhd lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd [2012] 4 CLJ 941.
Light Style Sdn Bhd lwn KFH Ijarah House (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd [2009] CLJ 370; [2009] 1 LNS 193.
Mahmud Saedon A. Othman, 1998. Institusi Pentadbiran Undang-undang dan Kehakiman Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Majlis Amanah Rakyat lwn Bass bin Lai [2009] 2 CLJ 433.
Malayan Banking Berhad lwn Marilyn Ho Siok Lin [2006] 7 MLJ 249; 3 CLJ 796.
Malayan Banking Berhad lwn Yakup bin Oje & Anor [2007] 6 MLJ 398.
Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre, "List of Islamic Banks". Capaian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.mifc.com/index. php?ch=menu_ know_ibt_ib&pg=menu_know_ibt_ib_list.
Malaysia. Kertas Penyelidikan (No. 25/2011). Kuala Lumpur: International Shari'ah Research Academy for Islamic Finance.
Mohd Alias Ibrahim lwn RHB Bank Bhd & Anor [2011] 4 CLJ 654.
Norhaziah Nawai & Wan Rasyidah Wan Nawang, 2007. "Malaysian Islamic Financial Institutions: Issues and Challenges", dlm. Suhaila Abdul Hamid, Amir Shaharuddin & Norhaziah Nawai (ed.)., Readings in Islamic Financial Services. Bandar Baru Nilai, Seremban: Kolej Universiti Islam Malaysia, hlm. 11-24.
Perlembagaan Persekutuan 1957.
Rusni Hassan, 2011. "Legal and Regulatory framework of Islamic Banking in Malaysia." Kertas Kerja Seminar on Litigating Islamic Banking Disputes in Civil Court. Institut Latihan Kehakiman dan Perundangan (ILKAP). 29 November 2011.
Sea Oil Mill (1979) Sdn Bhd & Anor lwn Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Berhad [2003] MLJ 207 / [2003] 1 LNS 718.
Securities Commission, 2001. Capital Market Masterplan Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Securities Commission.
Sharifah Suhana Ahmad, 1999. Malaysian Legal System. Kuala Lumpur: Malayan Law Journal Sdn. Bhd.
Sherin Binti Kunhibava, "Legal Challenges Relating to Islamic Banking and Finance, Conquered and Continuing - The Malaysian Experience" dlm. Shariah Law Report, 2006.
Sudin Haron & Wan Nursofiza Wan Azmi, 2009. Islamic Finance and Banking System - Philosophies, Principles and Practices. Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia: McGraw-Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia, 2009. Regulatory Requirements, Legal Documentations, Accounting and Taxation. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: LexisNexis Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia, 2012. Senarai Sekuriti Patuh Syariah oleh Majlis Penasihat Syariah. Kuala Lumpur: Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia.
Tahan Steel Corporation Sdn Bhd lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad [2004] 6 CLJ 25; [2004] 6 MLJ 1.
Tahan Steel Corporation Sdn Bhd lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd [2012] 1 CLJ 959.
Tan Sri Khalid Ibrahim lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad [2009] 6 MLJ 416.
Tinta Press Sdn Berhad lwn BIMB (1987) 1 MLJ 474; 1 CLJ 474.
Wan Arfah Hamzah & Ramy Bulan, 2003. An Introduction to the Malaysian Legal System. Shah Alam, Selangor: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd.
Wan Arfah Hamzah, 2012. A First Look At The Malaysian Legal System. Shah Alam, Selangor: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.
Wawancara Puan Maimoonah Binti Aid, Penolong Pendaftar Mahkamah Tinggi Kuala Lumpur, Mahakamah Dagang 4, pada 25hb April 2010.
Wu Min Aun, 1993. Pengenalan Kepada Sistem Perundangan Malaysia. Edisi ke-5. Petaling Jaya, Selangor: Longman Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Zulkifli Hasan & Mehmet Asutay, "An Analysis of Courts' Decisions on Islamic Finance Disputes" dlm. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance Jil. 3, Bil. 2, hlm. 41-71, 2011.
Affin Bank Berhad lwn Zulkifli Abdullah [2006] 3 MLJ 67.
Ahmad Hidayat Buang (ed.), 2005. Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia - Pencapaian dan Cabaran. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Ahmad Hidayat Buang (ed.), 1998. Undang-undang Islam di Mahkamah-mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Syariah dan Undang-undang, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya.
Ahmad Ibrahim & Ahilemah Joned, 1987. The Malaysian Legal System. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Ahmad Mohamed Ibrahim, 1999. Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM).
Akta Bank dan Institusi-institusi Kewangan 1989 (Akta 372).
Akta Bank Islam 1983 (Akta 276).
Akta Bank Negara Malaysia 2009 (Akta 701).
Akta Institusi Kewangan Pembangunan 2002 (Akta 618).
Akta Mahkamah Kehakiman 1964 (Akta 91) (Pindaan 1972).
Akta Mahkamah Rendah 1948 (Akta 92) (Pindaan 1972).
Akta Pasaran Modal dan Perkhidmatan 2007 (Akta 671).
Akta Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam (Wilayah-wilayah Persekutuan) 1993 (Akta 505).
Akta Suruhanjaya Sekuriti 1993 (Akta 498).
Akta Takaful 1984 (Akta 312).
Arab Malaysian Merchant Bank Berhad lwn Silver Concept Sdn Bhd [2005] 5 MLJ 210.
Arab Malaysian Finance Bhd lwn Taman Ihsan Jaya Sdn Bhd & Ors (Koperasi Seri Kota Bukit Cheraka Bhd, third party) [2008] 5 MLJ 631; [2009] 1 CLJ 419.
Arahan Amalan No. 1 (2003).
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad lwn Adnan Omar [1994] 3 CLJ 735; [1994] 3 AMR 44; [1994] 4 BLJ 372.
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad lwn Pasaraya Peladang Sdn Berhad [2004] 7 MLJ 355.
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad lwn Rhea Zadani Corporation Sdn. Bhd. [2012] 10 MLJ 484.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Adnan bin Omar (1994) 3 CLJ 735.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Azhar Osman & Other Cases [2010] 5 CLJ 54 [2010] 1 LNS 251.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Lim Kok Hoe & Anor And Other Appeals [2009] 6 CLJ 22; [2009] 6 MLJ 839.
Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd lwn Shamsuddin Bin Haji Ahmad [1999]; 1 LNS 275; [1999] MLJ 450.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Berhad lwn Emcee Corporation Sdn. Bhd. [2003] 2 MLJ 408; 1 CLJ 625.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn Emcee Corporation Sdn Bhd [2003] 1 CLJ 625.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn Nesaretnam Samyveloo [2002] 8 CLJ 95; [2002] 7 MLJ 103.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn PSC Naval Dockyard Sdn Bhd [2008] 1 CLJ 784; [2007] MLJ 722.
Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd lwn Sea Oil Mill (1979) Sdn Bhd & Anor [2010] 1 CLJ 793.
Bank Negara Malaysia, 2001. Financial Sector Master Plan 2001-2010. Kuala Lumpur: Bank Negara Malaysia.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "BNM Guidelines & Circulars Listing". Carian pada 8 Januari 2013 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=en_ reference&pg= enreference_index&ac=584&lang=bm#shariah.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Banking Institutions in Malaysia - Islamic Banks". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm. gov.my/ index.php?ch=li&cat=islamic&type =IB&fund=0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Banking Institutions in Malaysia - International Islamic Banks". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=li&cat=iib&type=IIB&fund= 0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Insurances Companies & Takaful Operators in Malaysia - Takaful Operators". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/ index.php?ch=li&cat=insuran ce&type=TKF&fund=0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Insurances Companies & Takaful Operators in Malaysia - Retakaful Operators". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=li&cat=insurance&type= RTKF&fund=0&cu=0.
Bank Negara Malaysia, "List of Licensed Insurances Companies & Takaful Operators in Malaysia - International Takaful Operators". Carian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.bnm.gov.my/index.php?ch=li&cat=insuranc e&type=ITO&fund =cu=0 .
Dato' Nik Mahmud Bin Daud lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad; [1996] 4 MLJ 295 Enakmen Mahkamah Syariah (Kedah Darul Aman) 2008.
Enakmen Pentadbiran Agama Islam (Negeri Selangor) 2003.
Garis Panduan Pengurusan Dana Islam.
Garis Panduan Dasar-dasar Pengurusan Dana Asing.
Garis Panduan Bagi Amanah Pelaburan Hartanah Islam.
Garis Panduan Penawaran Sekuriti Islam.
Hakimah Yaacob, 2011. Analysis of Legal Disputes in Islamic Finance and the Way Forward: With Special Reference Conducted at Muamalat Court. Kuala Lumpur.
Kaedah-kaedah bagi Timbang tara (Perbankan dan Perkhidmatan Kewangan Islam) 2007.
Kopeks Holdings Sdn Bhd lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd [2012] 4 CLJ 941.
Light Style Sdn Bhd lwn KFH Ijarah House (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd [2009] CLJ 370; [2009] 1 LNS 193.
Mahmud Saedon A. Othman, 1998. Institusi Pentadbiran Undang-undang dan Kehakiman Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Majlis Amanah Rakyat lwn Bass bin Lai [2009] 2 CLJ 433.
Malayan Banking Berhad lwn Marilyn Ho Siok Lin [2006] 7 MLJ 249; 3 CLJ 796.
Malayan Banking Berhad lwn Yakup bin Oje & Anor [2007] 6 MLJ 398.
Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre, "List of Islamic Banks". Capaian pada 25 Disember 2012 daripada laman web http://www.mifc.com/index. php?ch=menu_ know_ibt_ib&pg=menu_know_ibt_ib_list.
Malaysia. Kertas Penyelidikan (No. 25/2011). Kuala Lumpur: International Shari'ah Research Academy for Islamic Finance.
Mohd Alias Ibrahim lwn RHB Bank Bhd & Anor [2011] 4 CLJ 654.
Norhaziah Nawai & Wan Rasyidah Wan Nawang, 2007. "Malaysian Islamic Financial Institutions: Issues and Challenges", dlm. Suhaila Abdul Hamid, Amir Shaharuddin & Norhaziah Nawai (ed.)., Readings in Islamic Financial Services. Bandar Baru Nilai, Seremban: Kolej Universiti Islam Malaysia, hlm. 11-24.
Perlembagaan Persekutuan 1957.
Rusni Hassan, 2011. "Legal and Regulatory framework of Islamic Banking in Malaysia." Kertas Kerja Seminar on Litigating Islamic Banking Disputes in Civil Court. Institut Latihan Kehakiman dan Perundangan (ILKAP). 29 November 2011.
Sea Oil Mill (1979) Sdn Bhd & Anor lwn Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Berhad [2003] MLJ 207 / [2003] 1 LNS 718.
Securities Commission, 2001. Capital Market Masterplan Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Securities Commission.
Sharifah Suhana Ahmad, 1999. Malaysian Legal System. Kuala Lumpur: Malayan Law Journal Sdn. Bhd.
Sherin Binti Kunhibava, "Legal Challenges Relating to Islamic Banking and Finance, Conquered and Continuing - The Malaysian Experience" dlm. Shariah Law Report, 2006.
Sudin Haron & Wan Nursofiza Wan Azmi, 2009. Islamic Finance and Banking System - Philosophies, Principles and Practices. Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia: McGraw-Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia, 2009. Regulatory Requirements, Legal Documentations, Accounting and Taxation. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: LexisNexis Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia, 2012. Senarai Sekuriti Patuh Syariah oleh Majlis Penasihat Syariah. Kuala Lumpur: Suruhanjaya Sekuriti Malaysia.
Tahan Steel Corporation Sdn Bhd lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad [2004] 6 CLJ 25; [2004] 6 MLJ 1.
Tahan Steel Corporation Sdn Bhd lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd [2012] 1 CLJ 959.
Tan Sri Khalid Ibrahim lwn Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad [2009] 6 MLJ 416.
Tinta Press Sdn Berhad lwn BIMB (1987) 1 MLJ 474; 1 CLJ 474.
Wan Arfah Hamzah & Ramy Bulan, 2003. An Introduction to the Malaysian Legal System. Shah Alam, Selangor: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd.
Wan Arfah Hamzah, 2012. A First Look At The Malaysian Legal System. Shah Alam, Selangor: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd.
Wawancara Puan Maimoonah Binti Aid, Penolong Pendaftar Mahkamah Tinggi Kuala Lumpur, Mahakamah Dagang 4, pada 25hb April 2010.
Wu Min Aun, 1993. Pengenalan Kepada Sistem Perundangan Malaysia. Edisi ke-5. Petaling Jaya, Selangor: Longman Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
Zulkifli Hasan & Mehmet Asutay, "An Analysis of Courts' Decisions on Islamic Finance Disputes" dlm. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance Jil. 3, Bil. 2, hlm. 41-71, 2011.
Published
2013-06-01
How to Cite
HASSAN, Rusni; HUSSAIN, Mohammad Azam; YUSOFF, Adnan.
Penubuhan dan Bidang Kuasa Mahkamah Muamalat di Malaysia: Isu dan Cabaran.
Kanun: Jurnal Undang-undang Malaysia, [S.l.], v. 25, n. 1, p. 83-106, june 2013.
ISSN 2682-8057.
Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/Kanun/article/view/7994>. Date accessed: 15 nov. 2024.
Section
Articles
