Forensic Science and Its Application in Documentary Evidence in Malaysian Syariah Courts
Abstract
Documents are one of the most widely used forms of evidence in court, whether in the civil court or the Syariah court in Malaysia. The characteristics of documents, such as their permanent nature, render them as the primary choice compared to other methods of proof. However, the issue of accepting documents as a method of proof relates to the authenticity of the said evidence presented in Court. This is because if a document’s authenticity is doubted, the Court will reject the exhibit to be admitted as evidence and instead require other supporting proof. Forensic science is the application of the modernity of science in helping to solve various problems, including ensuring the authenticity of a document. In this article, the researcher discusses the concepts, issues and challenges of submitting documentary evidence in Malaysian Syariah courts. To achieve the study’s objective, the researcher used a qualitative approach via document analysis from primary and secondary data. The data obtained were then analyzed using the document analysis method and presented as sub-themes. The findings show that the application of forensic science in documentary evidence is viewed as highly important, especially in dealing with issues related to its authenticity as proof and as an initial step to prevent the falsification of documents from occurring. In addition, Malaysian Syariah courts have generally adopted scientific evidence based on Practice Direction No. 4 of 2020, and further studies need to be carried out, primarily concerning with the formation of guidelines and provisions related to their submission in Malaysian Syariah courts.
References
1. Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin. (2017a). Di sebalik fiqah forensik. Telaga Biru.
2. Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin. (2017b). The integration of forensic science fundamentals and al-Qarinah towards achieving Maqasid al-Shariah [Tesis Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
3. Ajmawati Atan lwn Moriazi Mohamad 1 CLJ (SYA) 54 (2005).
4. Akta Keterangan Mahkamah Syariah (Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan) 1997 [Akta 561]
5. Al-Quran.
6. Al-Mubarak, Z. G. (2005). Al-Khibrah al-Fanniyyah fii Ithbat al-Tazwir fii al-Mustanadat al-Khatiyyah Fanna wa Qanunan. Dar al-Thaqafah.
7. Al-Tabari. (2008). Al-Ta'aqud Ibra al-Internet Dirasah Muqaranah. Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah.
8. Al-Zuhayli. (1994). Wasa'il al-Ithbat fi al-Syari'ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-Mu'amalat al-Madaniyyah wa al-ahwal al-Syakhsiyyah. Maktabah al-Mu;ayyad
9. Anwarullah. (2010). Principles of evidence in Islam. A.S. Noordeen.
10. Arbouna, M. B. (1999). Islamic law of evidence: The function of official documents in evidence: A comparative study with common law. Syarikat Nurulhas
11. Hisham Halim lwn Maya Ahmad Fuaad [2018] 3 LNS 1
12. Ibn Áābidīn. (1995). Hasyiah Radd al-Mukhtar ‘ala al-Dur al-Mukhtarn Syarh Tanwir al-Absar. Dar al-Fikr.
13. Ibn 'Arabī. (1967). Ahkam al-Quran. T.t.: Isa al-Babi al-Halab
14. Ibn Ḥajar al-'Asqalānī. (1996). Fath al-Bari Syarh Sahih al-Buhari. Dar al-Ma'rifat.
15. Ibn Kathīr. (2003). Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Pustaka Imam asy-Syaf'i.
16. Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. (2007). Al-Turuq al-Hukmiyyah fi al-Siyasah al-Syar'iyyah. Dar 'Am al-Fawa'id.
17. Khalid bin Abdul Samad lwn Ketua Pendakwa Syarie Selangor [2018] 2 ShLR.
18. Mahmud Saedon Awang Othman. (1990). Undang-undang keterangan Islam. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
19. Md Zahril Nizam Md Yusoff. (2020). Analisis ciri-ciri terpilih wacana forensic dalam interaksi siasatan kes jenayah [Tesis Doktor Falsafah]. Universiti Sains Malaysia.
20. Metwally, M. (2019). Forensic organizational psychology: Shedding light on the positive repercussions of ethical leadership in forensic medicine. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 9(1), 1-8.
21. Mohamad Aniq Aiman Alias, Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin & Lukman Abdul Mutalib. (2021a). Legal analysis of syariah court evidence law on digital document as evidence and its admissibility in court proceedings. Journal of Management and Muamalah, 11(2), 54-64.
22. Mohamad Aniq Aiman Alias, Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin & Lukman Abdul Mutalib. (2021b). An overview on the falsification of document according to fiqh and legal perspectives. Proceeding of the 8th International Conference on Management and Muamalah, Faculty of Management and Muamalah, Kolej Universiti Islam Selangor (KUIS). 238–247.
23. Mohamad Azhan Yahya, Ahmad Azam Mohd Shariff & Mohd Abu Hassan Abdullah. (2017). Keterangan dokumen dalam bentuk digital di mahkamah syariah: Analisis berkaitan definisi serta kebolehterimaannya di sisi prinsip syariah di Malaysia. Current Legal Issues, 1, 1-12.
24. Mohamad Azhan Yahya, Ahmad Azam Mohd Shariff, Azizah Mat Rashid & Fatimah Yusro Hashim. (2020). Pengemukakan dokumen elektronik sebagai keterangan dalam perbicaraan mahkamah syariah. Jurnal Undang-Undang dan Masyarakat, 2, 55–63.
25. Mohammad Aniq Aiman Alias. (2022). The falsification of documents in marriage cases under the civil and syariah court in Malaysia: An appraisal analysis [Tesis Sarjana]. Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai.
26. Mohd Sabree Nasri, Mohamad Afandi Md Ismail, Mohd Al Adib Samuri & Abu
27. Suffian Abu Yaziz. (2017). Keterangan pakar sebagai cara pembuktian di mahkamah Syariah. [Prosiding] e-Proceeding of the 4th World Conference on Integration of Knowledge 2017 (WCIK 2017), 78-86.
28. Muhammad Hazim Ahmad, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin, Mohamad Anwar Zakaria, Noraishah Nordin, Siti Khadijah Ishak & Nur Khairina Othaman. (2020). Scientific evidence and its admissibility in syariah court: Legal analysis of syariah court evidence law. Kanun: Jurnal Undang-undang Malaysia, 32(1), 67-92. https://doi:10.37052/kanun.32(1)no4.
29. Nurul Syahirah Saharudin. (2022). The application of forensic document examination from syariah court perspective [Tesis Sarjana]. Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia.
30. Pass, Ayn Embar-Seddom & Allan D. (2009). Forensic!. Hamilton Printing Company.
31. Pendakwa Syarie Negeri Sabah lwn Rosli Bin Abdul Japar ([1428H] JH XXIII/II).
32. Prahlow, J. (2010). Forensic pathology for police, death investigators, attorneys,and forensic scientists. Springer Link.
33. Ramalinggam Rajamanickam, Anita Abdul Rahim & Anisah Che Ngah. (2012). Kedudukan keterangan pakar forensik di bawah Seksyen 45 Akta Keterangan 1950. [Prosiding] Proceedings of International Conference on Public Policy and Social Science, UiTM Melaka Malaysia.
34. Saferstein, R. (2015). Criminalistics: An introduction to forensic science (Ed. 11.). Pearson Education Limited.
35. Syazwan Mohd. Yusof, Ramalinggam Rajamanickam & Asma Hakimah Ab. Halim. (2021). Kedudukan keterangan forensik dari sudut fiqh (The position of forensic evidence from the perspective of fiqh). Islāmiyyāt, 43, 55-66.
36. TG Team. (2015). Meaning of word forensic/forensic science & origin. Tax Guru. https://taxguru.in/chartered-accountant/meaning-word-forensicforensicscience-
37. origin.html.
38. Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin, Lukman Abdul Mutalib, Nik Salida Suhaila Nik Saleh & Mohamad Aniq Aiman Alias. (2021). A preliminary analysis on the admissibility of documentary evidence via forensic science method according to Islamic syariah law. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI), 12(5), 4853-4862.
39. Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Zul Hilmi Abdullah, Abd Hamid Abd Murad, Nurfadhilah Che Amani, Lukman Abdul Mutalib, Lukmanul Hakim Hj Hanafi & Madihah Mohammad Khir. (2015). Bentuk-bentuk pemalsuan dokumen menurut fiqh dan perundangan Islam di Malaysia: Satu analisa. The e-Journal of Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 1(1), 1-11.
40. Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail. (2020). Keterangan dokumentar menurut fiqh dan undang-undang keterangan Islam di Malaysia. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
2. Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin. (2017b). The integration of forensic science fundamentals and al-Qarinah towards achieving Maqasid al-Shariah [Tesis Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan]. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
3. Ajmawati Atan lwn Moriazi Mohamad 1 CLJ (SYA) 54 (2005).
4. Akta Keterangan Mahkamah Syariah (Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan) 1997 [Akta 561]
5. Al-Quran.
6. Al-Mubarak, Z. G. (2005). Al-Khibrah al-Fanniyyah fii Ithbat al-Tazwir fii al-Mustanadat al-Khatiyyah Fanna wa Qanunan. Dar al-Thaqafah.
7. Al-Tabari. (2008). Al-Ta'aqud Ibra al-Internet Dirasah Muqaranah. Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah.
8. Al-Zuhayli. (1994). Wasa'il al-Ithbat fi al-Syari'ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-Mu'amalat al-Madaniyyah wa al-ahwal al-Syakhsiyyah. Maktabah al-Mu;ayyad
9. Anwarullah. (2010). Principles of evidence in Islam. A.S. Noordeen.
10. Arbouna, M. B. (1999). Islamic law of evidence: The function of official documents in evidence: A comparative study with common law. Syarikat Nurulhas
11. Hisham Halim lwn Maya Ahmad Fuaad [2018] 3 LNS 1
12. Ibn Áābidīn. (1995). Hasyiah Radd al-Mukhtar ‘ala al-Dur al-Mukhtarn Syarh Tanwir al-Absar. Dar al-Fikr.
13. Ibn 'Arabī. (1967). Ahkam al-Quran. T.t.: Isa al-Babi al-Halab
14. Ibn Ḥajar al-'Asqalānī. (1996). Fath al-Bari Syarh Sahih al-Buhari. Dar al-Ma'rifat.
15. Ibn Kathīr. (2003). Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Pustaka Imam asy-Syaf'i.
16. Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. (2007). Al-Turuq al-Hukmiyyah fi al-Siyasah al-Syar'iyyah. Dar 'Am al-Fawa'id.
17. Khalid bin Abdul Samad lwn Ketua Pendakwa Syarie Selangor [2018] 2 ShLR.
18. Mahmud Saedon Awang Othman. (1990). Undang-undang keterangan Islam. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
19. Md Zahril Nizam Md Yusoff. (2020). Analisis ciri-ciri terpilih wacana forensic dalam interaksi siasatan kes jenayah [Tesis Doktor Falsafah]. Universiti Sains Malaysia.
20. Metwally, M. (2019). Forensic organizational psychology: Shedding light on the positive repercussions of ethical leadership in forensic medicine. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 9(1), 1-8.
21. Mohamad Aniq Aiman Alias, Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin & Lukman Abdul Mutalib. (2021a). Legal analysis of syariah court evidence law on digital document as evidence and its admissibility in court proceedings. Journal of Management and Muamalah, 11(2), 54-64.
22. Mohamad Aniq Aiman Alias, Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin & Lukman Abdul Mutalib. (2021b). An overview on the falsification of document according to fiqh and legal perspectives. Proceeding of the 8th International Conference on Management and Muamalah, Faculty of Management and Muamalah, Kolej Universiti Islam Selangor (KUIS). 238–247.
23. Mohamad Azhan Yahya, Ahmad Azam Mohd Shariff & Mohd Abu Hassan Abdullah. (2017). Keterangan dokumen dalam bentuk digital di mahkamah syariah: Analisis berkaitan definisi serta kebolehterimaannya di sisi prinsip syariah di Malaysia. Current Legal Issues, 1, 1-12.
24. Mohamad Azhan Yahya, Ahmad Azam Mohd Shariff, Azizah Mat Rashid & Fatimah Yusro Hashim. (2020). Pengemukakan dokumen elektronik sebagai keterangan dalam perbicaraan mahkamah syariah. Jurnal Undang-Undang dan Masyarakat, 2, 55–63.
25. Mohammad Aniq Aiman Alias. (2022). The falsification of documents in marriage cases under the civil and syariah court in Malaysia: An appraisal analysis [Tesis Sarjana]. Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai.
26. Mohd Sabree Nasri, Mohamad Afandi Md Ismail, Mohd Al Adib Samuri & Abu
27. Suffian Abu Yaziz. (2017). Keterangan pakar sebagai cara pembuktian di mahkamah Syariah. [Prosiding] e-Proceeding of the 4th World Conference on Integration of Knowledge 2017 (WCIK 2017), 78-86.
28. Muhammad Hazim Ahmad, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin, Mohamad Anwar Zakaria, Noraishah Nordin, Siti Khadijah Ishak & Nur Khairina Othaman. (2020). Scientific evidence and its admissibility in syariah court: Legal analysis of syariah court evidence law. Kanun: Jurnal Undang-undang Malaysia, 32(1), 67-92. https://doi:10.37052/kanun.32(1)no4.
29. Nurul Syahirah Saharudin. (2022). The application of forensic document examination from syariah court perspective [Tesis Sarjana]. Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia.
30. Pass, Ayn Embar-Seddom & Allan D. (2009). Forensic!. Hamilton Printing Company.
31. Pendakwa Syarie Negeri Sabah lwn Rosli Bin Abdul Japar ([1428H] JH XXIII/II).
32. Prahlow, J. (2010). Forensic pathology for police, death investigators, attorneys,and forensic scientists. Springer Link.
33. Ramalinggam Rajamanickam, Anita Abdul Rahim & Anisah Che Ngah. (2012). Kedudukan keterangan pakar forensik di bawah Seksyen 45 Akta Keterangan 1950. [Prosiding] Proceedings of International Conference on Public Policy and Social Science, UiTM Melaka Malaysia.
34. Saferstein, R. (2015). Criminalistics: An introduction to forensic science (Ed. 11.). Pearson Education Limited.
35. Syazwan Mohd. Yusof, Ramalinggam Rajamanickam & Asma Hakimah Ab. Halim. (2021). Kedudukan keterangan forensik dari sudut fiqh (The position of forensic evidence from the perspective of fiqh). Islāmiyyāt, 43, 55-66.
36. TG Team. (2015). Meaning of word forensic/forensic science & origin. Tax Guru. https://taxguru.in/chartered-accountant/meaning-word-forensicforensicscience-
37. origin.html.
38. Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin, Lukman Abdul Mutalib, Nik Salida Suhaila Nik Saleh & Mohamad Aniq Aiman Alias. (2021). A preliminary analysis on the admissibility of documentary evidence via forensic science method according to Islamic syariah law. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI), 12(5), 4853-4862.
39. Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, Zul Hilmi Abdullah, Abd Hamid Abd Murad, Nurfadhilah Che Amani, Lukman Abdul Mutalib, Lukmanul Hakim Hj Hanafi & Madihah Mohammad Khir. (2015). Bentuk-bentuk pemalsuan dokumen menurut fiqh dan perundangan Islam di Malaysia: Satu analisa. The e-Journal of Sultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah, 1(1), 1-11.
40. Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail. (2020). Keterangan dokumentar menurut fiqh dan undang-undang keterangan Islam di Malaysia. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Published
2023-12-27
How to Cite
ALIAS, Mohamad Aniq Aiman.
Forensic Science and Its Application in Documentary Evidence in Malaysian Syariah Courts.
Kanun: Jurnal Undang-undang Malaysia, [S.l.], v. 36, n. 1, p. 107-120, dec. 2023.
ISSN 2682-8057.
Available at: <https://jurnal.dbp.my/index.php/Kanun/article/view/8756>. Date accessed: 27 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.37052/kanun.36(1)no6.
Section
Articles
