Rights of the Indegenous Peoples Related to Land Acquisition: A Comparative Analysis between Malaysia and the Philiphines
(Hak Orang Asal Berkaitan dengan Pengambilalihan Tanah: Kajian Perbandingan antara Malaysia dengan Filipina)
Abstract
The Orang Asli are in a precarious position compared to other majority groups in Peninsular Malaysia as their customary land rights are continuously infringed upon. This is worrying because land is a vital part of the Orang Asli livelihood. Several issues regarding the provisions of native land rights, acquisition of Orang Asli ancestral land not in line with correct procedure, and issues concerning compensation for any acquisition of ancestral land are the main problems faced by the Orang Asli. Hence, the main objective of this research is to examine the legal rights of the Orang Asli to their ancestral land in Peninsular Malaysia, to throw light on the correct procedure of acquisition of such according to legal provisions, and to compare and contrast acquisition of native ancestral land in Peninsular Malaysia to that in the Philippines. Through a doctrinal and comparative approach, this research hopes to enhance knowledge regarding Orang Asli customary rights to land and land acquisition in Peninsular Malaysia, as well as to aid law-makers to reform existing laws and policies in order to ensure protection of Orang Asli rights in the future.
Keywords: Orang Asli, customary land rights, procedure for extinguishment, compare
References
Azmi Rohani, Mohd Shahrizan Sahid, Mohd Halim Hasbullah & Suhailizan Suliman. (2019). The land acqusition in Malaysia: Policy context and praxis.World Bank Conference on Land and Property.
Carlos Bueno. (2011). The social reform agenda. MetroPost. Diakses daripada http://dumaguetemetropost.com/the-social-reform-agenda-p1064-196.htm
Cielo Magno. (2013). Free prior and informed consent in the Philippines. Diakses pada 23 Mei 2019 daripada http://www.oxfamamerica.org/static/media/files/fpic-in-the-philippines-september-2013.pdf
Department of Public Works and Highways for the Asian Development Bank. (2017). Resettlement and indigenous peoples framework. Diakses pada 25 Mei 2019 daripada https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/linked-documents/41076-048-remdfab.pdf
Hooker, M.B. (1996). The orang asli and the laws of Malaysia: With special reference to land. Akademika, 48, 21.
Izzati Wook. (2015). The rights of the orang asli in forest in Peninsular Malaysia: Towards Justice and Equality. College of Law and Justice, Victoria University Melbourne, Australia.
Lebrilla M. L. 2014. The state of compulsory acquisition of land and compensation in the Philipphines. Diakses pada 25 Mei 2019 daripada https://www.academia.edu/22634657/The_State_of_Compulsory_Acquisition_of_
Land_and_Compensation_in_the_Philippines
MacDonald. (1995). Indigenous peoples of the Philippines: Between segregation and intergration. In Barnes, Gray & Kingsbury (Eds.), Indigenous peoples of Asia. Association for Asian Studies, Michigan.
Noor 'Ashikin Binti Hamid, Noraida Binti Harun & Nazli Bin Ismail. (2011). Pengambilan tanah bagi pembangunan ekonomi: Isu dan penyelesaian. JUUM, 15, 135-148.
Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia
Petr Drbohlav & Jiri Hejkrlik. (2017). Diakses pada 24 Mei 2019 daripada https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d11c/c6ffc3d160c060a31ea791bc43524a860358.pdf
Prill-Brett, June. (2007). Contested domains: The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) and legal pluralism in the Northern Philippines. Journal Legal Pluralism, 55.
Rohaida Nordin, 2018, Rights of the indigenous peoples in Peninsular Malaysia: Domestic and international perspectives. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Samaniego, E. L. The Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997: A critical policy analysis. Diakses daripada https://www.academia.edu/20023191/The_Indigenous_Peoples_Rights_Act_of_
1997_A_Critical_Policy_Analysis
Suruhanjaya Hak Asasi Manusia Malaysia (SUHAKAM). (t.t). Rencana:PendengaranAwam Suhakam Hari Kedua Mendengar Isu Tanah di Kalangan Orang Asal.
The Lawphil Project Arellano Law Foundation, Philippine Laws and Jurispridence Databank, Cruz v. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resource. (2000). Diakses daripada https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2000/dec2000/gr_135385_2000.html
United Nations. Social Aspect of Sustainable Development in the Philippines. Diakses daripada https://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/philipi/social.htm
Vijeyasri a/p Ramesh & Mazliza Mohamad. (2017). Hak tanah orang asli: Isu-isu hak tanah orang asli di Semenanjung Malaysia. LNS(A), 1, xcvi.
Yogeswaran Subramaniam. (2012). Orang asli land rights by UNDRIP standards in Peninsular Malaysia: An evolution and possible reform. University of New South Wales.
