Lakuan Ilokusi dalam Kenyataan Perdana Menteri Singapura untuk Mengekang Penularan COVID-19
Abstrak
COVID-19 merupakan wabak yang kesannya luar biasa kepada manusia di seluruh dunia sehingga diisytiharkan sebagai pandemik. Kesan luar biasa ini telah menyebabkan usaha mengekang penularannya perlu dilakukan. Dalam hal ini Perdana Menteri Singapura, Lee Hsien Loong (LHL) telah mengeluarkan lima kenyataan dalam bahasa Melayu bertujuan untuk menyampaikan mesej penjagaan keselamatan dan kesejahteraan penduduk negara Singapura dalam situasi COVID-19. Kenyataan ini bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi audiensnya agar dapat bersama-sama mengekang penularan COVID-19 di Singapura. Bagi memperlihatkan tujuan kenyataan ini, kenyataan LHL ini telah dianalisis dengan mengaplikasikan teori lakuan ilokusi komunikatif yang diusulkan oleh Bach dan Harnish (1979) dengan berfokus pada dua kategori dan subkategorinya, iaitu arahan dan komisif. Analisis mengaplikasikan kaedah kualitatif, iaitu analisis tematik yang mempunyai tujuh fasa. Antaranya termasuklah muat turun, pengekodan dan klasifikasi bagi mencapai dua objektif yang ditetapkan, iaitu mengklasifikasi dan membincangkan daya ilokusi kategori serta subkategori arahan dan komisif. Dapatan analisis memperlihatkan daya ilokusi ditandai oleh penggunaan kata kerja modalitas (KKM) - mesti, boleh, akan; kata kerja aspek (KKA) - akan, kata kerja (KK), antaranya harap (berharap), bersiap dan melonggarkan; dan kata larangan, jangan. Ilokusi LHL ini membuktikan bahawa LHL telah mempraktikkan tadbir urus baik, iaitu kerajaan yang mempunyai ketelusan, kecekapan dan kebertanggungjawaban terhadap penduduk Singapura yang telah memilih mereka sebagai pemerintah. Tadbir urus baik ini direpresentasi melalui ilokusi LHL yang memberikan arahan dan janji kepada penduduk Singapura dalam menghadapi situasi COVID-19.
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