Struktur Tema dalam Teks Saintifik

Nor Hazila Mat Lazim; Ariezal Afzan Hassan

doi:10.37052/jb.19(2)no5

Nor Hazila Mat Lazim Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Ariezal Afzan Hassan Universiti Malaysia Kelantan,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37052/jb.19(2)no5

Abstrak

Teks saintifik kaya dengan pelbagai fitur linguistik yang unik dalam menyampaikan pengetahuan, nilai, dan kepercayaan saintifik. Salah satunya ialah aspek tema dan rema. Tema mendukung peranan
utama sebagai titik tolak mesej dalam ayat. Setiap pemilihan tema adalah bersebab dan bukan sewenang-wenangnya dipilih, kerana yang dipentingkan akan dikehadapankan dalam ayat. Lebihan mesej, iaitu rema mengandungi maklumat baharu yang hendak disampaikan kepada pembaca atau pendengar. Makalah ini menjalankan analisis tekstual terhadap jenis tema yang digunakan dalam sembilan teks
saintifik berlatarbelakangkan tiga disiplin yang berbeza, iaitu sains tulen (ST), sains sosial (SS), dan (SK). Kemudian, bahagian teks saintifik disintesiskan mengikut model IMRD yang dicadangkan oleh Swales (1990) dan data dianalisis melalui pendekatan Nahu Fungsional Sistemik (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan ketiga-tiga disiplin teks saintifik mengutamakan tema bertanda berbanding tema biasa. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa pemilihan jenis tema berhubung rapat dengan tabii disiplin dan tabii bahagian teks saintifik. Secara tidak langsung, kajian ini memberikan
penjelasan secara holistik terhadap struktur tema dan pemahaman secara komprehensif terhadap dimensi tekstual wacana saintifik.

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