Analisis Terjemahan Kata Emosi Jepun kepada Bahasa Melayu dalam Novel Tsukuru Tazaki Tanpa Warna
Abstrak
Dalam kajian yang berkaitan dengan terjemahan, sarjana terjemahan cenderung untuk menyatakan bahawa kata atau frasa dalam aspek budaya adalah antara yang paling sukar diterjemahkan. Walaupun unsur budaya ialah aspek yang menjadi tumpuan kajian sarjana terjemahan, kata emosi tidak pernah diiktiraf sebagai sebahagian daripada unsur budaya. Namun begitu, kajian tentang kata emosi menunjukkan bahawa ungkapan kata emosi dipengaruhi oleh budaya bahasa tersebut. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti kata emosi yang paling signifikan bersama-sama medan semantiknya, seterusnya menganalisis cara kata emosi tersebut diterjemahkan dalam bahasa sasaran. Dalam kajian ini, kekerapan dikira untuk melihat kata emosi yang paling signifikan. Novel Tsukuru Tazaki Tanpa Warna karya Haruki Murakami dipilih kerana karya penulis ini cenderung untuk memberikan tumpuan terhadap aspek abstrak manusia, iaitu perasaan dan pemikiran. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kata emosi asas mempunyai kekerapan yang paling rendah dan diterjemahkan secara langsung. Kata emosi paling signifikan yang ditonjolkan dalam novel tersebut ialah koudoku dan sougai daripada kategori kata emosi kompleks. Kaedah terjemahan yang digunakan untuk kata emosi kompleks ialah strategi yang cenderung kepada bahasa sasaran kerana tiada padanan terjemahan langsung untuk kata emosi kompleks tersebut.
Kata kunci: Kata emosi, terjemahan, bahasa Jepun, bahasa Melayu, Haruki Murakami, unsur budaya
Rujukan
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8. Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17(2), 124.
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19. Hanczakowski, A. (2018). “Translating Emotion from Italian to English: A Lexical-Semantic Analysis”. The AALITRA Review: A Journal of Literary Translation, 13 (December 2018), 21-34.
20. Hasada, R. (2002). ‘Body part’ terms and emotion in Japanese. Pragmatics Cognition, 10(1-2), 107-128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.10.12.06has
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28. Katan, D., & Taibi, M. (2021). Translating cultures: An introduction for translators, interpreters and mediators. Routledge.
29. Kayyal, M. H., & Russell, J. A. (2013). Language and emotion: Certain English-Arabic translations are not equivalent. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 32(3), 261-271.
30. Kindaichi, H. (1989). The Japanese language (U. Hirano, Trans.). Tuttle Publishing.
31. Kindaichi, H. (2011). Japanese language: Learn the fascinating history and evolution of the language along with many useful Japanese grammar points. Tuttle Publishing.
32. Kobayashi, F., Schallert, D. L., & Ogren, H. A. (2003). Japanese and American folk vocabularies for emotions. The Journal of social psychology, 143(4), 451-478.
33. Miller, G. A., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1976). Language and perception. Belknap Press.
34. Mulyadi. (2003, Februari). Semantik: Konsep emosi dalam bahasa Melayu. Dewan Bahasa, 1(2), 28-35. http://dbp.gov.my/dbp98/majalah/bahasa21/feb/j02sem2.html
35. Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation (66). Prentice hall New York.
36. Oatley, K., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1987). Towards a cognitive theory of emotions. Cognition and emotion, 1(1), 29-50.
37. Occhi, D. J. (2008). How to have a HEART in Japanese. Dlm. Farzad Sharifian, R. Dirven, Ning Yu & S. Niemeier (Eds.), Culture, body, and language: Conceptualizations of internal body organs across cultures and languages (191-212). De Gruyer Mountan.
38. Oster, U. (2023). Translating emotions: A corpus-based study of the conceptualization of ANGER in German-Spanish translation. Languages in Contrast, 23(2), 199-225.
39. Pederson, J. (2005). How is culture rendered in subtitles. Dlm MuTra 2005- Challenges of multidimensional translation: Conference proceedings (1-18). Saarbrücken: EU High Level Scientific Conference Series.
40. Plutchik, R. (2001). The nature of emotions: Human emotions have deep evolutionary roots, a fact that may explain their complexity and provide tools for clinical practice. American Scientist, 89(4), 344-350.
41. Rosman, A., & Rubel, P. G. (Eds.). (2003). Translating cultures: Perspectives on translation and anthropology. Berg
42. Russell, J. A. (1991). Culture and the categorization of emotions. Psychological Bulletin, 110(3), 426.
43. Sera, H. (2015). Depictions of emotions in Haruki Murakami’s after dark: A semantic analysis. 人文論集, 50, 69-90.
44. Sherlock, E. T. (1984). Kokoro as ecological insight: The concept of heart in Japanese literature. University of British Columbia.
45. Strecher, M. (2011). At the critical stage: A report on the state of Murakami Haruki studies. Literature Compass, 8(11), 856-869.
46. Tabakowska, E. (2016). Emotional valuation: Values and emotions in translation. Dlm. R. Blumezynski & J. Gillespie, Translating values: Evaluative concepts in translation, 37-56.
47. Widen, S. C., & Russell, J. A. (2010). Descriptive and prescriptive definitions of emotion. Emotion Review, 2(4), 377-378.
48. Wierzbicka, A. (1992). Semantics, culture, and cognition: Universal human concepts in culture-specific configurations. Oxford University Press on Demand.
49. Wolf, K. (2015). Measuring facial expression of emotion. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 17(4), 457-462.
2. Bąk, H. (2023). Issues in the translation equivalence of basic emotion terms. Ampersand, 11(100128).
3. Baker, M. (1997). In other words: A coursebook on translation. Routledge.
4. Basnight-Brown, D. M., Kazanas, S. A., & Altarriba, J. (2020). Translation ambiguity in Mandarin-English bilinguals: Translation production differences in concrete, abstract, and emotion words. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 10(4), 559-586.
5. Bendix, E. H. (1969). Componential analysis of general vocabulary: The semantic structure of a set of verbs in English, Hindi and Japanese’. General Linguistics 9(1), 41.
6. Cacioppo, J. T., & Gardner, W. L. (1999). Emotion. Annual Review of Psychology, 50(1), 191-214.
7. Du, S., Tao, Y., & Martinez, A. M. (2014). Compound facial expressions of emotion. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 111(15), E1454-E1462.
8. Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17(2), 124.
9. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Ellsworth, P. (1982). What are the similarities and differences in facial behavior across cultures. Dlm. P. Ekman, W. V. Friesen & P. Ellsworth (Eds.), Emotion in the human face, 2, 128-144. Pergamon Press.
10. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Ellsworth, P. (2013). Emotion in the human face: Guidelines for research and an integration of findings. Elsevier.
11. Farese, G. M. (2017). The cultural semantics of the Japanese emotion terms ‘Haji’ and ‘Hazukashii’. New Voices in Japanese Studies, 8, 32-54. https://doi.org/10.21159/nvjs.08.02
12. Fernández Guerra, A. (2012). Translating culture: Problems, strategies and practical realities. Sic: časopis za književnost, kulturu i književno prevođenje, 3(1), 1-270.
13. Fridlund, A. J., Ekman, P., & Oster, H. (1987). Facial expressions of emotion: Review of literature, 1970-1983. Dlm. A. W. Siegman & S. Feldstem (Eds.), Nonverbal behavior and communication (edisi ke-2) (143-224). Psychology Press.
14. Goddard, C. (1997). Contrastive semantics and cultural psychology: ‘Surprise’ in Malay and English. Culture & Psychology, 3(2), 153-181.
15. Goddard, C. (2001). Sabar, ikhlas, setia-patient, sincere, loyal? Contrastive semantics of some ‘virtues’ in Malay and English. Journal of Pragmatics, 33(5), 653-681.
16. Goddard, C. (2008). Contrastive semantics and cultural psychology: English heart vs. Malay hati. Dlm. Darzad Sharufuab, R. Dirven, Ning Yu, & S. Niemer (Eds.), Culture, body, and language: Conceptualizations of internal body organs across cultures and languages, (75-102). De Gruyter Mountan.
17. Grafflin, D. (1983). Second thoughts on Kokoro. The Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese, 18(2), 145-166.
18. Hamana, S., & Ashio, R. (2015). Developmental change of the meaning range of emotional words in early childhood. Developmental Psychology Research 26(1), 45-55.
19. Hanczakowski, A. (2018). “Translating Emotion from Italian to English: A Lexical-Semantic Analysis”. The AALITRA Review: A Journal of Literary Translation, 13 (December 2018), 21-34.
20. Hasada, R. (2002). ‘Body part’ terms and emotion in Japanese. Pragmatics Cognition, 10(1-2), 107-128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.10.12.06has
21. Hasada, R. (2006). Cultural scripts: Glimpses into the Japanese emotion world. Dlm. C. Goddard (ed.), Ethnopragmatics. Understanding discourse in cultural context (171-198). De Gruyter Mouton.
22. Holoborodko, A. (2013). Some problems of translating emotion words from Russian into Japanese in F. Dostoevsky’s novel “White Nights”: Contrastive analysis of three Japanese translations with the Russian original text concerning emotional discourse [Tesis kedoktoran yang tidak diterbitkan]. Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo.
23. Imran Ho-Abdullah & Norsimah Mat Awal. (2005). Conceptualization of emotions in Malay:“Hati”(the Liver) as the source of emotions. [Pembentangan kertas]. 9th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference, Yonsei University, Korea.
24. Izard, C. E. (2010). The many meanings/aspects of emotion: Definitions, functions, activation, and regulation. Emotion Review, 2(4), 363-370.
25. Izard, C. E., & Buechler, S. (1980). Aspects of consciousness and personality in terms of differential emotions theory. Dlm. R. Plutchik & H. Kellerman (Eds.), Theories of emotion (165-187). Elsevier.
26. Johnson-Laird, P. N., & Oatley, K. (1989). The language of emotions: An analysis of a semantic field. Cognition and emotion, 3(2), 81-123.
27. Jones, T. (2003). Translation and belief ascription: Fundamental barriers. Dlm. P. G. Rubel & A. Rosman (Eds.), Translating cultures perspectives on translation and anthropology (45-73). Berg.
28. Katan, D., & Taibi, M. (2021). Translating cultures: An introduction for translators, interpreters and mediators. Routledge.
29. Kayyal, M. H., & Russell, J. A. (2013). Language and emotion: Certain English-Arabic translations are not equivalent. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 32(3), 261-271.
30. Kindaichi, H. (1989). The Japanese language (U. Hirano, Trans.). Tuttle Publishing.
31. Kindaichi, H. (2011). Japanese language: Learn the fascinating history and evolution of the language along with many useful Japanese grammar points. Tuttle Publishing.
32. Kobayashi, F., Schallert, D. L., & Ogren, H. A. (2003). Japanese and American folk vocabularies for emotions. The Journal of social psychology, 143(4), 451-478.
33. Miller, G. A., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1976). Language and perception. Belknap Press.
34. Mulyadi. (2003, Februari). Semantik: Konsep emosi dalam bahasa Melayu. Dewan Bahasa, 1(2), 28-35. http://dbp.gov.my/dbp98/majalah/bahasa21/feb/j02sem2.html
35. Newmark, P. (1988). A textbook of translation (66). Prentice hall New York.
36. Oatley, K., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1987). Towards a cognitive theory of emotions. Cognition and emotion, 1(1), 29-50.
37. Occhi, D. J. (2008). How to have a HEART in Japanese. Dlm. Farzad Sharifian, R. Dirven, Ning Yu & S. Niemeier (Eds.), Culture, body, and language: Conceptualizations of internal body organs across cultures and languages (191-212). De Gruyer Mountan.
38. Oster, U. (2023). Translating emotions: A corpus-based study of the conceptualization of ANGER in German-Spanish translation. Languages in Contrast, 23(2), 199-225.
39. Pederson, J. (2005). How is culture rendered in subtitles. Dlm MuTra 2005- Challenges of multidimensional translation: Conference proceedings (1-18). Saarbrücken: EU High Level Scientific Conference Series.
40. Plutchik, R. (2001). The nature of emotions: Human emotions have deep evolutionary roots, a fact that may explain their complexity and provide tools for clinical practice. American Scientist, 89(4), 344-350.
41. Rosman, A., & Rubel, P. G. (Eds.). (2003). Translating cultures: Perspectives on translation and anthropology. Berg
42. Russell, J. A. (1991). Culture and the categorization of emotions. Psychological Bulletin, 110(3), 426.
43. Sera, H. (2015). Depictions of emotions in Haruki Murakami’s after dark: A semantic analysis. 人文論集, 50, 69-90.
44. Sherlock, E. T. (1984). Kokoro as ecological insight: The concept of heart in Japanese literature. University of British Columbia.
45. Strecher, M. (2011). At the critical stage: A report on the state of Murakami Haruki studies. Literature Compass, 8(11), 856-869.
46. Tabakowska, E. (2016). Emotional valuation: Values and emotions in translation. Dlm. R. Blumezynski & J. Gillespie, Translating values: Evaluative concepts in translation, 37-56.
47. Widen, S. C., & Russell, J. A. (2010). Descriptive and prescriptive definitions of emotion. Emotion Review, 2(4), 377-378.
48. Wierzbicka, A. (1992). Semantics, culture, and cognition: Universal human concepts in culture-specific configurations. Oxford University Press on Demand.
49. Wolf, K. (2015). Measuring facial expression of emotion. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 17(4), 457-462.
Telah diterbitkan
2024-11-27
Bagaimana untuk memetik sitasi
Amzah, N., & Abdul Razak, F.
(2024).
Analisis Terjemahan Kata Emosi Jepun kepada Bahasa Melayu dalam Novel Tsukuru Tazaki Tanpa Warna.
Jurnal Bahasa, 24(2), 299-328.
doi:10.37052/jb24(2)no5
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