Orang pekak sebagai cacat atau pengguna minoriti bahasa: perspektif perubatan dan linguistik
Abstract
Deaf people communicate differently from those with normal hearing. Those who can hear communicate via speech whereas the deaf communicate through sign language. Their mode of communication is related to their inability to hear sounds due to their defective sense of hearing. They are thus labelled as disabled people. Recently, a new opinion has emerged that the deaf should be considered a linguistic minority. This opinion derives from the linguistic perspective, while from a medical point of view, the deaf are considered to be hearingimpaired. This issue will be examined based on the following research questions: (1) Are the deaf a disabled community or a language minority group? (2) What is the status of the deaf community in Malaysia? (3) What is the definition of communication and how do the deaf communicate? An understanding of these issues is important in order to make a comparison as well as to identify the differences and relationship between the modes of communication used by those with normal hearing and the deaf, and will provide information as to whether the deaf should be labelled as disabled persons devoid of language.
References
dlm. Pelita Bahasa 7:3, hlm. 16-17.
Abdullah Yusoff. 1997. “Perhimpunan Orang Pekak yang Mengagumkan” dlm.
Pelita Bahasa 9:5, hlm. 34-35.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2002. “Bahasa Melayu dalam Kalangan Pelajar Pekak” dlm.
Dewan Bahasa 2:6, hlm. 36-40.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2004. “Komunikasi Satu Keperluan”. Kertas seminar Isu dan
Keperluan Warga Pekak Islam Pertama 2004 di Hotel Grand Blue Wave,
Shah Alam, Selangor pada 10 September 2004.
Abdullah Yusoff dan Che Rabiaah Mohamed, “Penguasaan Bahasa Melayu dalam
Kalangan Murid Pekak: Suatu Sorotan dar Perspektif Linguistik” dlm.
Jurnal Bahasa 4:4, hlm. 639-80, 2004.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2005. “Komunikasi Orang Pekak”. Kertas kerja Kursus
Peningkatan Pendidikan Khas Program Bermasalah Pendengaran 2005,
anjuran Jabatan Pendidikan Khas, Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia di Hotel
Langkawi Seaview, Langkawi, Kedah pada 5 hingga 9 Jun.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2006a. “New Zealand Mengiktiraf Bahasa Isyarat Orang Pekak”
dlm. Dewan Bahasa 6:11, hlm. 49-51.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2006b. “Komunikasi Warga Pekak” dlm. Dewan Bahasa 6:9,
hlm. 48-51.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2007. “Orang Pekak: Warga Cacat atau Pengguna Minoriti
Bahasa” dlm. Dewan Bahasa 8:5, hal. 39-41.
Abdullah Yusoff, 2009. “Orang Pekak Cacat atau Pengguna Bahasa Minoriti: Satu
Analisis Retrospektif dan Impaknya Kepada Pendidikan Bahasa Pelajar
Pekak”. Kertas kerja Seminar Pendidikan dan Inovasi Pendidikan Bahasa
Melayu dan Bahasa Inggeris. Anjuran Bahagian Pendidikan Guru di Hotel
Beverly Kota Kinabalu, Sabah pada 20-22 Oktober.
Abdullah Yusoff dan Che Rabiaah Mohamed, “Komunikasi Warga Pekak”, dlm.
Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Bil:1, hal. 53-70, 2009a.
Abdullah Yusoff dan Rabiaah Mohamed 2009b. “Recognising Language of the
Deaf Community: The Concepts of Communication, Language, Speech,
Signing and Their Relationship with the Means of Communication Used
by Deaf People”. Kertas seminar International Seminar on Sign Language
Research 2009, anjuran MySL Research Team, Faculty of Language and
Linguistic, University Malaya pada 30-31 Mei 2009.
Antia, Reed dan Kreimeyer. 2005. “Written Language of Deaf and Hard-of-
Hearing” dlm. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. 10:3, hlm. 244-
55.
Berita MyDEAF News, 2006. Isu 1 Edisi Khas April 2006. Selangor: Persekutuan
Orang Pekak Malaysia
Gregory et al. (ed.), 1998. Issues in Deaf Education. London: David Fulton
Publishers.
Jabatan Pendidikan Khas, 2005. Laporan Pendidikan Khas. Kuala Lumpur:
Jabatan Pendidikan Khas.
Jabatan Pendidikan Khas, 2006. Laporan Pendidikan Khas. Kuala Lumpur:
Jabatan Pendidikan Khas.
Knight, P. dan Swanwick, R., 1999. The Care and Education of a Deaf Child: A
Book For Parents. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Klima, E. dan Bellugi, U. 1979. The Signs of Language. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press.
Kyle, J. dan Woll, B., 1985. Language in Sign: An International Perspective on
Sign Language. London: Croom Helm.
Laman sesawang http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/legal/recognition of sign
languages, aksess pada tarikh 10 September 2006.
Lane, Harlan, “Ethnicity, Ethics and the Deaf-World” dlm. Journal of Deaf
Studies and Deaf Education 10:3, hlm. 291-310, 2005.
Mayers, D 2002. Social Psychology. London: Mc Graw Hill.
Miles, D,. 1988. British Sign Language: A Beginner’s Guide. London: BBC
Enterprise Ltd.
Minichiello et al., 1991. In-Depth Interviewing: Researching People. Melbourne:
Longman Cheshire Pty Limited.
Mohamed Sazali Shaari, 2004. “Budaya Orang Pekak”. Kertas Persidangan
Keluarga Pekak Bahagia’ di Hotel Crown Princess, Kuala Lumpur pada 13
Ogos 2004.
Paul, P., 1998. Literacy and Deafness: The Development of Reading, Writing and
Literacy Thought. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Persekutuan Orang Pekak Malaysia, 2005. Berita MyDeaf News. Kuala Lumpur:
Persekutuan Orang Pekak Malaysia.
Robson, C., 2005. Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientist and
Practioner-Researchers. Oxford: Blackwell.
Powers, S., Gregory, S., dan Thoutenhoofd, E., 1998. The Educational Achievements
Of Deaf Children – A Literature Review. Suffolk: Dfee Publication.
Tesaurus Bahasa Melayu Dewan, 1990. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan
Pustaka.
Watson, L., 1996. Spotlight On Special Education Needs: Hearing Impairment.
England: Nasen Enterprise Ltd.
Watson et al., 1999. Deaf and Hearing Impaired Pupils in Mainstreams School.
London: David Fulton Publisher.
Wawancara secara bebas antara penulis dengan Presiden Persekutuan Orang
Pekak Malaysia, Mohamed Sazali Shaari berkaitan dengan “Penguasaan
Bahasa Melayu” dalam Persidangan Keluarga Pekak Bahagia di Hotel
Crown Princess, Kuala Lumpur pada 13 Ogos 2004.
Wawancara secara bebas antara penulis dengan Presiden Persekutuan Orang
Pekak Malaysia, Mohamed Sazali Shaari berkaitan dengan “Bahasa Isyarat
Malaysia” sempena penulis diundang untuk menyampaikan syarahan
kepada pelatih Jurubahasa Isyarat di Centre for MySL Menara KLH,
Puchong, Selangor pada 28 Julai 2005.
Wawancara secara bebas antara penulis dengan Presiden Persekutuan Orang Pekak
Malaysia, Mohamed Sazali Shaari berkaitan dengan “Karnival Pendidikan
Khas di IPGM, Kampus Kota Bharu di Centre for MySL Menara KLH,
Selangor pada 22 Mei 2009.
Woll, B, dan Ladd, P,. 2003. “Deaf Communities” dlm. Deaf Studies’ Languages,
and Education. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
Yule, G., 2003. The Study of Language. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Zeshan, U., 2000. Sign Language In Indo-Pakistan: A Description Of A Signed
Language. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Company.
Zeshan, U,. 2007. “Sign languages” dlm. The World Atlas of Language Structures.
Oxford: Oxford University Press. halaman 558-59.
Upon acceptance of an article, Authors will be asked to transfer copyright. This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A notification will be sent to the corresponding Author confirming receipt of the manuscript. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the Author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article.
